No. 7. DEPARTiMEXT OF AGKICULTURE. 7f 



The Peniis^ivania minimiiin tat reqnireiiient for creaili is tit'teen 

 per cent. The federal standard for this article fixes the minimnm 

 at eighteen per cent, and it is this limit controls the interstate sales 

 of cream. In a number of the states of the T'nion, the laws classify 

 creams into various grades according to richness. The State of Utah, 

 for example, make three grades, in the first of which the fat minimum 

 is thirty per cent., the second twenty-four per cent, and the third eigh- 

 teen per cent. In view of these facts, the milk dealers in this state 

 should regard thi^ present Pennsylvania standard as sufficiently 

 lenient and should faithful 1}^ meet its requirements. 



COND?]NSED MILK 



During 11)10 there were examined IG sam])les of products sold as 

 condensed milk, evaporated milk and evaporated cream. These ex- 

 aminations resulted in the iinding of but one case in which it ap- 

 peared that condensed skimmed milk had been sold under the name 

 of the corresponding whole milk product. 



ICE CREAM 



There were examined in 1910, 288 samples of preparations of this 

 class, including a few articles sold under the names "frozen custard'', 

 "milk balls", etc. These examinations led to G2 prosecutions for vio- 

 lations of the Act. Three-fourths of the condemnations were due to 

 failure of the ice creams to come up to the fat standards fixed by law. 

 In other cases, the grounds of i)rosecution were chietiy the addition 

 of artificial coloration, but in a few instances, the addition of sul- 

 phurous acid and other ingredients deleterious to health. In 1901), 

 there were examined 227 sami)les of this class with the discovery of 

 o9 violati<ms of the law, a less jjroportion (liau was found during the 

 present year. A careful consideration of all the facts indicates, lio\\- 

 ever, that this increase is only apparent and that I he ]»rinci})al vol- 

 ume of the ice cream made in the State by reputable producers con- 

 forms well to the present legal requirements. As a result of tiie ex- 

 perience of preceding years, the examination of ice cream sold by street 

 vendors and by producers of low priced ice creams received ]»arliiu- 

 lar care, and four-fifths of the prosecutions were for sales made by 

 push cart men, largely of foreign birth, who were selling ice cream 

 cones and similar ice cream preparations to young children. 



As a matter of fact, the ice cream law of Pennsylvania is remaik- 

 ably lenient and any one now guilty of making or selling as ice cream 

 an article that does not meet its re(iuirements, is absolutely without 

 excuse. 



It is true that the articles sold for a number of years under the 

 name "ice cream," have exhibited a great variety of composition and 

 this commodity belongs to an important class of cases which deserve 



