No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 119 



Treatment: Cut it out by making up and cloAvn incisions rather 

 than crosswise, or crush them in their tunnels by probing with a stiff 

 wire. Follow the tunnels until the borer is reached. - 



The Peach-tree Borer. This is the caterpillar of a Clearwing moth 

 which deposits her eggs near or upon the trunk of the tree during 

 midsumuier. From these eggs hatch larvae, which enter and feed 

 upon the bark of the trunk and larger roots near the soil surface. 

 Their presence is betrayed by their sawdust-like deposits of the wax 

 on the bark. They mature in about one year. 



Treatment: ivcmove the earth about the trunk of the tree with a 

 pointed hoe or trowel, and cut out the borers with a sharp pointed 

 knife, or crush them in their tunnels with a sharp or stiff wire. 

 One should be careful to remove as little of the living bark as is 

 absolutely necessary'. Examine the trees again in two or three days, 

 then mound earth around them about one-half foot high. 



Protection of Trees Against Bore-rs: Protective measures, while 

 they will not insure perfect immunity, will often go far toward pre- 

 venting the infestation of trees by borers. For this purpose an ap- 

 plication of one of the following materials should be made about the 

 middle of June and again the middle of August, to the lower eighteen 

 inches or two feet of the treee: (1) Lime-sulfur Wash. Boil seven- 

 teen pounds of sulfur and twenty-two pounds of lime together, in suf- 

 ficient water to boil one hour, dilute to about twenty-five gallons, 

 and apply; or use Commercial Lime-sulfur, at scale streaigth, with 

 some free sulfur added. This is especially valuable to prevent 

 Peach-tree borers. (2) Whale Oil Soap, two pounds in oue gallon 

 ot water. (8) Ordinary soap, made in a thick solution with water. 

 (4) Wrapping the trees with old newspapers carefully tied about 

 them. (5) Frequent white-washing, Avith ordinary lime whitewash 

 will aid in preventing them. Care should be taken to cover the trunk 

 completely down to the ground or crown. Eemove the earth some- 

 what, if necessary, at the time of application. Treatment should 

 bo made about the middle of June, and repeated about two months 

 thereafter. Note that these are preventive means, and not rem 

 edies. 



H. A. SURFACE. 



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE— DIVISION OR ZOOLOGY 



PEAR BLIGHT 



This disease is more commonly noticed when the twigs are mak- 

 ing rapid growth during the early part of the season, when the 

 leaves on the affected trees wilt and turn brown, and later black, 

 and remain hanging on the trees. The disease extends from the 

 tip of the twig inward, and finally involves the limbs and the trunk. 

 The same disease may appear on the trunk of larger limbs of trees, 

 and is then often called Body Blight or Canker. Its presence is made 

 known by the roughening and shriveling of the bark. A well defined 

 line of demarkation separates the diseased from the healthy bark. 



