500 ANNUAL IlEPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



Huey said in regard to feeding cows that sometimes the cows we 

 thought the best were the poorest. When 1 started feeding cows I 

 did not get far until I found that 1 was not getting what 1 wanted. 

 1 got a worlc on pure bred cows and learned more about coavs than 

 I thought was in that. 1 believe the salvation of the dairy farmer 

 is the raising of his own cows. I think that at the prices cows are 

 now he can raise them clieaper and get some that will do him good; 

 but if you undertake to go to the cow sale you must get anything 

 you can and tubereuktsis or anything else with it. The question was 

 asked whether there was any section where they are raising dairy 

 cows for sale. I don't know that they are raised especially for sale. 

 1 was out in Wisconsin last fall and learned that 700 car loads of 

 dairy cattle were shipped out in one week and 250 grade Guernsey 

 bulls in another one. I know a man in Des Moines, Iowa that buys 

 car loads and car loads of cows in the section around Philadelphia 

 and sold him some. Common cows sell out there for as high as |140. 

 He offered me flOO for a common cow last June which Avas 12 years 

 old. These are the prices that western men are up against. What 

 are the eastern men going to do if they don't raise their own cattle. 



The Mayor of Philadelphia has appointed a committee to look 

 into the sanitation of milk and they are about ready to turn in their 

 recommendation. The milk dealers wanted them to recommend 

 pastuerized milk but they, would not do that. It is a simple way of 

 covering up all the dirty milk the^' are getting and getting it off 

 their hands. 



There is a movement now to change the tasting of cattle for tuber- 

 culosis and I don't know what that will do, but it is being strongly 

 advocated to make it so that every transfer of ownership of an 

 animal must be accompanied with a tuberculosis test and in that 

 way insure healthy cattle. It is important to profitable milk, and 

 by requiring such a test we are bettering the farmer in the end. I 

 have not found a single man that has tested his cattle, who has not 

 been well pleased after he got started again, while entire herds have 

 been lost too. 



I think this discussion leads very largeh' along market milk ; that 

 there has been injustice done all along to the producers, and that 

 they have not received what they should for their milk. I feel that 

 this is one of the ways to get better milk. It has become so in the 

 market that people have to buy anything. Skim milk is added to 

 cream and sold as cream contrary to law and the milk is kept as 

 long as possible by pastuerizing or kept with preservatives. That 

 is done to the detriment of farmers like us, and thev take a half 

 a cent off' the farmers for the whole milk. This is working against 

 our farmers. I think something should be done to remedy that 

 practice. There was a time here this fall when more skim milk was 

 going into Philadelphia than whole milk. 



ME. SMITH: I did not come here Avitli the expectation of making 

 any statements, still I have a few figures. I have been keeping a 

 record for some years back with my dairy. In fact, I started some 

 15 years ago with a grade (luernsey cow I bought for l^oO.OO at a sale 

 and from that cow I graded up, always using a pure bull, until last 

 year I had cows making a record of 456 pounds of butter fat per 



