644 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



as the self-boiled lime-siilphiir mixiure can be safely aud success- 

 fully used ou llie peach for the coulrol of brown rot and scab or 

 black-spot. The mixture when properly applied, controls these dis- 

 eases almost completely and does not injure the fruit or foliage. 



The experiments have been conducted in Georgia, Virginia, West 

 Virginia, Arkansas, Missouri aaid Illinois, and in every case the 

 treatment was successful. During the past year many fruit grow- 

 ers in Georgia, West N'irginia, and other sections, sprayed their or- 

 chards with the mixture, and so far as it has been tried the treat- 

 ment appears to have been universally successful in controlling both 

 peach scab and brown rot. 



Arsenate of lead may be added to the mixture for the control of 

 curculio, which not only produces wormy fruit, but increases the 

 brown rot infections by puncturing the skin and openiug the way 

 for the fungus. The insect occurs in destructive numbers in nearly 

 all eastern peach orchards and in most cases where s^jraying wilh 

 the self-boiled lime-sulphur for scab and brown rot is done, arsenate 

 of lead should be added. 



PREPARATION OE THE MIXTURE 



To prepare self-boiled lime-sulphur, use 8 pounds of resh stone 

 lime and 8 pounds of sulphur to each 50 gallons of water. In order 

 to get good action from the lime the mixture should be prepared in 

 rather large quantities, say enough for at least 200 gallons at a time, 

 making the formula 32-32-200. Place the lime in a barrel or tub and 

 pour on enough water to almost cover it, then all the sulphur. Stir 

 thoroughly while the lime is slaking and add more water if necessary 

 to make a creamy paste. Slaking of the lime and the stirring will 

 make a good mechanical mixture of the sulphur and the lime, only 

 a small percentage of the former going into the solution. As soon 

 as the lime is thoroughly slaked more water should be added to' 

 stop further chemical action, as there is some danger of dissolving 

 enough sulj)hur to injure peach foliage. The mixture is then ready 

 to be strained and diluted for spraying. 



OUTLINE OF TREATMENT 



For the treatment of peach brown rot and scab, in Pennsylvania 

 and adjacent territory, the following is recommended: Spray the 

 early varieties, like Carman, Hiley, and Champion, about a month 

 after the petals fall and a month or six weeks before the fruit 

 ripens. Later varieties, as the Elberta, Smock, Salway, and Bilyou, 

 will usually require three applications for the best results ; the first 

 to be made a month after the petals fall, the second, three to four 

 weeks later, and the third, a month to six weeks before the fruit 

 ripens. 



For the curculio, arsenate of lead at the rate of 2 pounds to each 

 50 gallons of self-boiled lime-sulphur should be used in the first 

 application of arsenate of lead, 2 pounds to 50 gallons of water, 

 with 2 or 3 pounds of lime ,to be made a few days after the petals 

 fall, is recommended, but is probably not often necessary in this 

 section. 



