422 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



being again crossed with the Tea-scented Hoses. They embrace a wide range 

 •of color, and a varied liabit of growth from two to twenty feet in a season. It 

 is frequently cultivated as a conservatory climber, but is not hardy at the north. 

 The dwarf varieties make handsome bushes for beds. 



Ihe Bourhon Rose (Rosa Indica Borhonica) was intx-oduced into Europe from 

 the Isle of Bourbon. It was obtained by crossing the China Eose with some 

 other kind of eastern origin, naturalized on that island. They are a superb 

 class, though not very fragrant, enduring the greatest heat of our summers ; 

 are more hardy than either the Teas or Bengals, and possess a wide range of 

 color. 



The Hyhrid Perpetual Rose. — This class was obtained by hybridizing the 

 Province and Damask varieties with the China or Everbloomino-. The name 

 Perpetual, however, is almost a misnomer, for unless fed highly and kept grow- 

 ing, removing all seed vessels, and occasionally shortening some of the shoots, 

 they will give but a scanty bloom. They are hardy and unsurpassed in form, 

 color, or perfume. 



21ie Bengal Daily or Chinese Rose (Rosa Indica). — This rose was introduced 

 to our gardens in 1718. Its free flowering qualities have made it a favorite from 

 the cottage to the palace. 



In this class will be found a great variety in color, blooming from early in 

 the season until severe frost. They are admirable for beds, or as a pot rose for 

 the window garden, and though less fragrant than Tea Eoses, are not less 

 abundant in bloom. 



The Miniatiwe Rose (Rosa Laiorenciana). — This is a dwarf rose, as its name 

 implies, rarely exceeding a foot in height. It is a most unique ornament for 

 the window or garden, flowering abundantly in pots or in beds on the lawn, or 

 as an edging for beds of roses of larger growth. 



Cultivation : — The rose delight in a deep loam well drained and manured, 

 although it may be seen very thrifty in soils widely dissimilar ; still it is better 

 that the soil be modified according to kind. We should not use so adhesive a 

 soil for a Tea or Bourbon Eose as for more ordinary kinds. As a general rule 

 roses should be planted in masses, in situations fully exposed to the sun, where 

 they produce a line effect. The rose will be in its prime the third or fourth 

 year after planting, after which it will not flower so well. A new place should 

 then be prepared for a new planting. 



In planting select such as are young and healthy ; old plants should bo 

 rejected. Mulching will be found to be indispensable in summer. It prevents 

 moisture evajDorating too rapidly by the formation of a stratum of air in repose, 

 keeping the soil cool and in proper condition around the roots. If you have 

 not i^rovided a deep soil, watering will be necessary in dry weather. This should 

 be done thoroughly rather than frequently. But deep culture should be pro- 

 vided, for it is the deeper series of iibres situated in a proper medium that sus- 

 tains a succession of flowers in spite of heat and drought. These beautiful 

 flowers amply repay any attention given them, and although in some senses 

 they are independent of careful culture, producing flowers however much they 

 may be neglected, yet it is astonishing what a difference may be produced in 

 them by a scientific and tasteful application of human skill. 



Next to soil and situation pruning is of most importance. It requires an 

 intimate knowledge of each class of roses to enable one to prune them ^^roperly. 

 As a general rule most roses will flower better if closely pruned in spring, others, 

 such as the moss and yellow roses, should not be so severely pruned. Climbers 



