32 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. Kellogg said the earth is glazed by pressure of the sjDade, and the 

 roots will not grow through it; but Mr. Beunson said he had never had 

 any difficulty of that kind. 



Mr. Kellogg: I pass a spade along a long line, but break up the earth, 

 avoiding that glazed surface. I carry plants in a little water kept in the 

 bottom of a basket by manilla paper. On my soil it will not do to press 

 the soil firmly with the foot, but only so the plant will not pull out easily. 

 I cultivate one way only, putting the harrow right over the plants while 

 very young, so as to keep down the weeds, letting the plants slip between 

 the teeth. The teeth of the harrow I use are perpendicular, and I bear 

 lightly on the three teeth over the row, but heavily upon those in the 

 center. 



Asked Mr. Webstee: Who has a blackberry that excels Wilson for 

 profit ? 



Mr. Moekill: I have set mainly Early Harvest, but am not sure this 

 would be best for others. Locality and conditions of various sorts so influ- 

 ence varieties that it will not do to name one as being good for universal 

 use. 



Mr. Webstee : On Fairplains they pulled out Early Harvest, but on 

 Mr. Moeeill's heavier ground it seems to do well. We are somewhat 

 troubled with an insect which bores into the blackberry canes, and they 

 swell and break off. 



Mr. Winchestee knew of this pest, and said he is easily exterminated. 

 Go through" the fields in the fall, cut off and burn the swelled canes, and 

 that will be the last of them. 



Wednesday Evening Session. 



Having been pressed to give some account of the things interesting to 

 horticulturists, which he saw while upon his European trip last. year, Mr. 

 C. W. Garfield proceeded thus to speak of 



FOREIGN MARKET PLACES. 



We began our journey through England at London, going up the east 

 side of the island to Edinboro and Glasgow, returning on the other side 

 and thence going to Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and then continuing across 

 the continent. When stopping in any town, and finding it was market 

 day, we went to the market the first place of all. At Edinboro we found 

 things very much as they are at home. At Carlisle we found a man 

 selling hot potatoes, two for a penny, and working men buying them put 



