r,\-\ 



i2 STATE BOAED OF AGRICULTUKE. 



THE APPLE OECHAKD. 



It is not my inteution to repeat Avhat was stated last year or the year before 

 ill reference to the ]:»hxns and ox})erinients in the orcliard. In spring we added 

 the following varieties which were grafted in the tops of trees of the Northern 

 Spy. These varieties were selected by Dr. J. A. Warder of Southern Ohio, 

 and in his estimation were the most worthy of trial at this place. The follow- 

 ing are the names, with the exception of four which were without names: 



Ohio Nonpareil, Nick-a-jack, Kentucky Longstem, New York Spice, Griffith, 

 Indiana Favorite, Minor's Greening, Koman Stem, Downie, Smith's Cider, 

 Harvest Ked Streak, Menagere, Grime's Golden, Early Pennock, Carter's (N. 

 C), Jeffries, Fall Queen, Culp, Fink, Clyde Beauty, Bethlcmitc, Phillip's 

 Sweet, Fulton, Housum, Doctor Watson, lloadley, Kirkbridge, Ash more, 

 Bonum, Canada, Keiuette. 



Most of the orchard is now well tiled, and the trees are looking well and 

 many of them bearing full. The severe frost in spring cut off some varieties 

 entirely and thinned many others. Some of the fruit which remained on the 

 tree was injured and rendered imperfect. Some time has been given to 

 thinning out the poorest fruit, especially where the trees were well filled. 



Late last fall the orchard was plowed except certain rows. Since theti it has 

 been harrowed and cultivated till the fourth of July. Buckwheat and weeds 

 have since occupied the ground. Late culture was discontinued for fear of 

 inducing a late growth. Most of the laud is now seeded to red clover which will 

 probably remain through all of next year, when it will be plowed under. The 

 trees received a light pruning as usual. The barnyard manure, the mulch, the 

 ashes, the cultivation, and above all, the thorough drainage are showing their 

 good effects in the improved appearance of the trees, and in the quantity and 

 quality of the fruit produced. 



An account of the experiments in the apple orchard must be omitted for 

 the last part of this volume. 



PEAKS, PLUMS, CHERRIES, AND PEACHES. 



The trees in this young orchard are generally doing well. They are set on 

 the highest land on tlie farm, and on the only land which is composed of clay. 



As this is the only suitable spot on the farm for such an orchard, and as it 

 is somewhat limited in area, we can never have very extensive orchards of these 

 fruits. The severity of our climate is also a serious hindrance in these depart- 

 ments of pomology. The hill is well drained. Tiie land was cultivated until 

 about the tenth of July, after which nothing was done except to moAv the grass 

 and dig the larger weeds. The trees are growing fast enough. The trunks of 

 the pear trees have been washed with a lime whitewash containing sulphur, car- 

 bolic acid and a very little lampblack. The hrst three ingredients arc those 

 used and nscommeuded by Mr. Saunders of Washington to prevent blight. 

 The lampblack was to prevent or tone down the glarmg white and produce a 

 mild gray color. Early cherries are of scarcely any value in this locality on 

 account of the large number of birds which Hock to the College grounds. We 

 shall plant in the new garden about 300 late cherries, this fall or next spring. 



I name the varieties represented in the orchard on the hill : 



The pears are represented as follows : Bartlctt, Belle Lucrative, Ikiu're 

 Bosc, IJeurre d'Anjou, Bourre Gilford, Beurre Hardy, Beurre Gris de lliver, 

 Bloodgood, Brandywine, Buffura, Beurre Superfine, Clapp's Favorite, Doyenne 



