DEPARTMENT REPORTS. 101 



modnllaiy rays. It is much used for rails, staves, posts, ties, bridges, planks 

 and hewn timbers, piles, ship building, and nuiny other purposes. Some of it 

 is very tough and hard. It is the most abundant of all the oaks in this coun- 

 try. It grows rather slowly. Samples are abundant on the College grounds. 



OAK, YELLOW BAKKED. 



See black oak. 



OAJCS. 



There are several other species in the arboretum. 



03AGE ORANGE— iV/acZura aurantiaca. 



This tree comes from Arkansas and Texas. It is often employed for hedges. 

 Samples are set in a hedge due north of the farm house. 



PAW PAW, COymO^—Asiviina triloba. 



This small tree is abundant in many portions of the southwestern part of the 

 State. It is an interesting shrub of considerable beauty. It suckers freely. 

 The fruit resembles that of a banana in some respects. A few specimens grow 

 along the Cedar river on the north side just above field No. 5. 



PEA-TREE, SIBERIAN— Ca?-a(7ana arborescens. 



It is found in Northern Europe and Asia. It is somewhat ornamental. One 

 specimen stands within a few feet of the southwest corner of College hall. This 

 came from Cambridge by way of Dr. Gray to Dr. Thurber. 



PEPPERIDGE— iVi/ssa multiflora. 



This tree grows about the margins of swamps in the south part of the State. 

 The wood is usually very difficult to split, but some of it splits easily. The 

 limbs stand out horizontally in a peculiar manner, some like those of the beech. 

 The leaves turn bright crimson in autumn. AVe are trying samples for an 

 ornamental hedge. A small tree can be seen a little east of the south end of 

 the car track south of Williams Hall. 



PINE, AUSTRIAN— Ptnws Auslriaca. 



This becomes a broad and rather large tree. The branches come out in reg- 

 ular whorls around the trunk like those of the white pine. The leaves hold on 

 for several years and are of a dark green, retaining their color well in summer's 

 heat and winter's cold. 



The leaves are long, stout, and stand out in a bristling manner from the 

 branches. On account of the above peculiarities the tree is remarkably robust 

 and massive in appearance. It is not so suitable for cutting back as many 

 other trees, though a little pruning generally improves its appearance. This 

 pine is rather coarse, and therefore should not be placed near a dwelling or in 

 the vicinity of trees and shrubs of a more delicate habit on a nicely kept lawn. 

 It grows rapidly on almost any soil and is one of the very best for screens to 

 ward off strong winds. Although the roots are not very thickly developed close 

 together, adapting it to transplanting easily, still on account of its extreme 

 hardiness and other good ([ualities, it is one of the best for those to plant who 

 are not likely to take very good care of them. It comes from Austria and 



