214 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



the forestry policy of tlio various countries of Europe. Nearly every govern- 

 ment in Europe makes provision for a system of management of national for- 

 ests, and is engaged in the work of planting new tracts of timber where old 

 ones have been cut away. 



Regular codes of laws are in force, by which the woodland is protected from 

 the depredations of timber thieves, and the products of the forests sold and 

 the proceeds added to the revenues of the state. Some measures have 

 been taken by our own government, making provision for the planting of 

 forests in the Territories; and some of the States have passed laws to encour- 

 age tree planting, but as yet with but limited results. I have no doubt that the 

 recommendation of Governor Bagley, appointing a tree planting day in the 

 centennial year, was the means of inducing more people to plant trees, than 

 all the tree laws which have ever been enacted in Michigan have been able to do. 



In conclusion, let me urge upon you the necessity of studying carefully into 

 this subject, which I have so imperfectly outlined to you. There has been 

 much writton upon it, and very much intelligent investigation has been made 

 of the various questions connected with the cultivation of trees, the results of 

 Avhich have been embodied in reports which can easily be obtained for study. 

 Let each one remember the advice of the dying Scotchman to his son : "Ye 

 may be aye sticking in a tree, Jock; it'll be growin' when ye' re sleepin'." A 

 little time given now and then to your trees, will ere long furnish your fields 

 with sheltering belts of timber for the protection of your crops, or will sur- 

 round your home with beautiful trees, in whose shadow you may rest in the 

 evening of life, and bless Him who made to grow "every tree of the field." 



Prof. W. J. Beal gave a lecture on ''Improvements in Fruits, Grains, and 

 Vegetables." (See lectures given at more than one institute.) 



This lecture and the discussion following occupied the remainder of the fore- 

 noon session. 



AFTERXOON SESSION. 



Vice President Ilockford in the chair. 



The following paper was read by James 0. Wilson, M. D., manager of the 

 Orapo farm, on 



HEREFORDS VS. SlIORTllORXS. 



Gentlemen : 



My appearing before you to-day in the capacity of an essayist on the breed- 

 ing of cattle, is altogether a new rule for me. "Were I invited to write an 

 essay on "})hysics," I might very naturally exjicct to interest some of my 

 audience, who i)0£sibly may have suffered from practical experiments of mine 

 in that direction. Ikit wlien I come to talk witli farmers about raising stock, 

 and venture an opinion, as to the best and most profitable breed for them to 

 have, 1 feel that I am dealing with quite a dilferent subject than tliat of 

 "calomel," "blue-mass," or "jalap." 



Yet having had a good deal to do witli the direction and management of the 

 "Crapo farm," in the township of Gaines, in this county, for the last twelve 



