DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY. 41 



CODLING MOTH (CAKPOCAPSA POMONELLA). 



London purple, in the proportion of a heaping tea-spoonful to a pailful 

 (three gallons) of water, was freely sprayed upon a crab-apple tree May 24. 

 Heavy rains followed, and on Jane 6 the application was repeated. An 

 adjacent tree, also crab-apple, was left untreated as a check tree. From 

 each of these trees, July 1, two hundred apples were picked at random. The 

 apples from the treated tree gave one codling moth larva and five curculio 

 scars, while the untreated tree gave eight codling moth larvae and thirty-two 

 cufculio scars. On September 20, when nearly all the apples had fallen, 

 another count of 200 each was made, taking the apples from the ground. 

 Those from the untreated tree gave nitiety-one wormy apples, and those 

 from the treated tree thirty-seven. The results were not as satisfactory as on 

 previous years, possibly owing to heavy rains. 



CUERANT WORM (NEMATUS VENTRICOSUS). 



Soap suds made by dissolving one part of common soft soap in three parts 

 of water was applied by use of a cyclone nozzle to the under side of the leaves 

 for the destruction of the eggs of the saw-fly. Some of the eggs turned and 

 dried up, but most of them were unharmed and the foliage was somewhat 

 injured by the application. 



Kerosene emulsion made with whale oil soap, so that the kerosene should 

 form one-twelfth of the mixture, was also used for the destruction of the 

 eggs, in the same manner as the soap-suds, and with almost identical results. 

 The one remedy that can always be relied upon to destroy the currant worm 

 is white hellebore. 



PLANT LICE (aphides). 



Kerosene emulsion made with common soft soap, so that the kerosene 

 should form one-eighth of the entire mixture, was freely sprayed upon snow- 

 ball bushes for rhe destruction of the aphis eggs that were thickly scattered 

 over every twig and bud. A well treated twig, on which were eggs in very 

 large numbers, was taken into the laboratory and put in a glass jar. Only 

 two or three lice ever hatched from the eggs on this twig. Another similar 

 twig that was not treated was also put in a jar in the laboratory, and from it 

 the lice hatched in large •numbers. The contrast in numbers of lice on 

 treated and untreated bushes out of doors was almost equally marked at first, 

 but later the difference was not so great. This was perhaps due to the rapid 

 increase of the few hatched upon the bush and to others hatched from eggs 

 laid upon grass and rubbish near tho roots of the plant. This experiment, 

 and others tried upon the eggs of the apple aphis, seems to prove quite con- 

 clusively that kerosene emulsion of the strength above mentioned will destroy 

 the great majority of the eggs if thoroughly applied. 



APPLE APHIS (aphis MALI). 



A kerosene emulsion in which the kerosene formed one-fifteenth of the 

 entire mixture was applied to the apple trees just as the buds were beginning 

 to open. The young lice had nearly all hatched and were clustered together 



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