No. 7. 



DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 

 SPRAYED AND UNSPRAYED ORCHARDS. 



501 



All Orchards. 



Niagara. 





Orleans. 



3 



Well cared for. 



Niagara. 





3 

 W 



Orleans. 



V 



w 



3 



Unsprayed 



Sprayed once 



Sprayed twice , 



Sprayed three times 

 Sprayed four times, 



$103 

 139 



143 

 1S4 

 211 



This spraying means, first time just before the buds open, sec- 

 ond just after the petals have fallen, third ten days later. That is 

 what we mean by once, twice, three times. We usually don't spray 

 more than three times. 



Don't forget those other two factors, pruning and fertilizing. 

 They are just exactly as important as spraying and cultivation. Prof. 

 Stewart told you about fertilizers yesterday. That is just as im- 

 portant as an}^ of these factors. You must prune also. You can- 

 not expect to get the best results by neglecting any one. After you 

 go home, next sx>ring till perhaps just a little better, spray just a 

 little better, fertilize a little more thoroughly and prune a little 

 better. See if you cannot get better results. 



MR. COX: Are any of the sprayings for second brood of cod- 

 ling moth? 



PROF. WILSON: The sprayings for the second brood of codling 

 moth have been successful when the spray was applied just at the 

 right time, but if you got a little too early or a little too late woe 

 be unto you. 



MR. COX: Do you use Bordeaux mixture or not? 



PROF. WILSON: The only thing that it will be of value for 

 would be the apple spot. 



jlember: What fertilizer do you use for orchard fertilization? 



PROF. WILSON: We are recommending a combination of barn- 

 yard manure and commercial fertilizer. We recommend the appli- 

 cation of barnyard manure one year and commercial fertilizer the 

 next. Prof. Stewart is working at the commercial fertilizer. Don't 

 apply nitrate in commercial fertilizer when you are using barnyard 

 manure. You better do a certain amount of experimenting first. 



MR. PRIGKETT: What time of the year is the best time to prune? 



PROF. WILSON: You struck a pretty serious problem. I was 

 talking to Prof. Hedrick the other day and he says that pruning is 

 one of the important problems of New York. As a general prin- 

 cipal most of the growers are leaving their trees too thick. They 

 ought to prune them a little thinner so that the sun can get down. 

 I don't think it is best to have an open top. Have a round sym- 

 etrical head and leave it a little thinner. Whenever you get a 

 branch cut it close to the fork. Never leave a stump in a bearing 

 orchard to decay. It is just like filling a tooth. You can prevent 



