624 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



to interest the farmers of the State in San Jos^ Scale, while to-day 

 that subject is one of the utmost importance to them, and I hope to 

 hear this subject fully discussed as we go along. 



PROF. SURFACE: There is one point in that excellent communi- 

 cation that I want to press a little farther; it is impossible to arouse 

 the interest of the public in something that has not gone far enough 

 for them to see the importance of it. Fourteen years ago the Scale 

 was not serious enough to arouse the interest of the public to the 

 importance of fighting it. But let us go to-day to the counties that 

 have had the Scale, like Berks, York, Adams, and some of the others, 

 and announce that there will be a public demonstration in regard to 

 the San Jos^ Scale, and there will be a larger attendance than at 

 any other agricultural meeting. Tliey have had enough of it and 

 they want to control it. And we find that the men who are most 

 successful in its control, are the men who have come most to our 

 meetings and have followed these demonstrations from day to day. 

 These are the men who have the largest crops of fruit, because 

 they have been obliged to see what it means. 



Regarding the subject which Prof. Watts brings up, in refer- 

 ence to the varieties which should be planted as the commercial 

 winter apples of the future, that most depends upon the education 

 of the market. If the market of the future calls for a firm red apple, 

 orchardists will continue to plant the Ben Davis or Gano; if it wants 

 quality, then the yellow apple, like the Grimes Golden will be the 

 best variety; if it wants a red apple, we can give them the red 

 Gjimes, the Jonathan, but I think the time will come when the 

 market has been educated, that it will not ask what the color of 

 tbe apple is, but what is the variety, the same as they do in the 

 I)otato to-day. When the public becomes educated up to the fact 

 that variety is the standard of excellence, we will be able to sell the 

 Stayman Winesap in preference to the Ben Davis. The Ben Davis 

 is 25 cents higher in the Philadelphia market than it is in any other 

 place, while the Grimes Golden is way down the list, simply because 

 the public has not been educated to variety as the standard of ex- 

 cellence, rather than color. 



MR. YOUNGS: It strikes me that the question of apples is quite 

 a question of locality as well. Now, what succeeds Avell with you 

 here, would not succeed with us up in our part of the State, and 

 in selecting a standard winter variety, you must also take into con- 

 sideration the lor-ality. I am a Pennsylvanian, have always lived 

 here, and was born here, so that T am pretty close to home in Penn- 

 sylvania, and I certainly think if I were going into the apple growing 

 business, I would do it right here on the hills of eastern Pennsyl- 

 vania. 



PROF. STEWART: What variety would you grow? 



MR. YOTTNGS: As I have said, T don't think I would name any 

 variety, because what succeeds with us up along the Niagara belt, 

 on the shores of Lake Erie, would not succeed here. We are in the 

 famous rhautanqua grape belt, and the grapes that succeed the best 

 with the growers in that district, succeed best with us also but if 

 I W(M(' going into the apple growing business extensively, I think T 

 Avouid try to grow an apple that has succeeded in my particular 

 locality for a good many years. 



