No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 57S 



MR. YOUNGS: Why, yes; we use quite a lot of it. We like to 

 buy our nitrog(}n from nature, and so we get crimson clover; if we 

 are not always able to pi'oduce enough, owing to natural conditions, 

 we have been using nitrate of soda, about 400 pounds to the acre, 

 putting it on in three applications. You get quicker results this 

 way than any other way. If you need potash, you can get it from 

 the potash sellers. 



A Member: In pruning, how many buds do you leave? 



MK. YOUNGS: W^ell, in a young vine, I would not exceed 25 or 30 

 — probably not over 25 the first year, and in an older vine about 40 

 or 50 buds is all you want. The tendenc}^ is to over-crop. 



MODERN TRUCK FARMING. 



By Prof. R. L. WATTS, State College, Pa. 



I consider it a special privilege to address this Association on 

 Vegetable Gardening because I believe the subject has been 

 neglected in the discussions of horticultural societies in the East. 

 The growing of fruits has received the most attention from organ- 

 ized eastern horticulturists and it is exceedingly gratifying to 

 note the growing interest in market gardening. I feel that the pro- 

 grams for the annual meetings of the great eastern horticultural so- 

 cieties are not complete without several topics devoted to the grow- 

 ing of vegetables in the open ground or under glass. 



Some of the Eastern states, as Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey 

 and Pennsylvania, possess unusual advantages for the growing of 

 garden crops. The great fertility of soil and favorable climatic con- 

 ditions in these states make it possible to grow a full line of vege- 

 tables and the easily accessible markets pay the best prices for 

 vegetables of high quality. 



Agricultural Experiment Stations are giving more attention than 

 formerly to investigations with vegetables. Unusual interest is 

 being shown by several stations at this time, experiments are being 

 conducted along important lines as companion cropping, the proper 

 use of fertilizers, and the breeding of plants of superior merit. It 

 is believed that our Experiment Stations will, in the near future, 

 furnish data of great value to growers of all kinds of vegetables. 



There are two general classes of vegetable growers. First, those 

 who are growing a great variety of crops on either a large or small 

 scale; and, second, those who are producing special crops on a large 

 or small scale. Growing a variety of crops possesses certain ad- 

 vantages: first, the possibility of following a desirable rotation, and, 

 second, it furnishes a variety of vegetables for market at different 

 seasons of the year with less probability of flooding the market with 

 a supply greater than can be disposed of to advantage. With a 

 variety of crops there is little danger of serious losses from fung- 

 ous diseases and insects, and it is also less difficult to maintain soil 

 fertility than when a special line of cropping is followed. On the 

 other hand, growers who produce special crops are likely to become 

 masters in the business, securing the largest yields and the finest 

 quality. As a rule, the specialist has less difficulty in selling his 

 produce at good prices because he is better known than the gen- 



