580 " ANNUAL. REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



in an attractive manner. I knew neither of these growers, and 

 could only judge them from their boxes, but there was no doubt as 

 to the business sense and judgment of them. It made some trouble 

 to group and tie up this asparagus, but it paid 4 cents more to put 

 the "best girl" brand on the market than it did for the "old sub- 

 scriber" brand. The marketing end of our produce is the one that 

 needs to be emphasized very strongly to growers. 



REPORT ON ORCHARD INSPECTION AND DEMONSTRATION 



WORK IN PENNSYLVANIA. 



BY PROP. H. A. SURFACE. 



The subject upon which I have been requested to speak is that 

 of the Inspection and Demonstration Work done in Pennsylvania. 

 We have, as you know, instituted an important work in Demonstra- 

 tion Orchards in regard to controlling pests, especially the San Jos6 

 Scale. We have seen the need of this, and the matter is an ipa- 

 portant one to us all. We must all work together to rid our or- 

 chards from this pest. We have seen the day when the so-called 

 Professor Amateur and Professor Would-be could tell us what to 

 do, without soiling their hands, but that day has passed; we must 

 all get out and work and soil our hands to fight these pests, and 

 help the other fellow. On the other hand, we have never seen the 

 day when the people demanded scientific information in such a prac- 

 tical manner as they do to-day. They want to be shown how; not 

 left to work it out by themselves according to some other person's 

 theory. I think it would be a good thing to have a demonstration 

 market garden in every county in the State, with Prof. Watts or 

 some of his assistants there, demonstrating it to the people. That 

 was the only way to teach how to control the San Jos^ Scale — to 

 demonstrate it to the people, and as a result of these demonstra- 

 tions, I have had the pleasure of seeing thousands and thousands of 

 trees that would have been cut down for firewood saved and produce 

 first class fruit for the owner which sold for thousands of dollars as 

 well. 



It is this, then, that the knowledge which the State has been 

 giving out for some time from our State Experiment Station up at 

 State College and by our own Department here, has brought about. 

 Instance after instance, we have, of orchards that have been saved 

 through this work; hence the necessity of demonstration. But be- 

 fore I say anything about demonstration, I wish to say a word 

 about inspection. 



The first thing necessary to know, is for a man to know when he 

 has these pests on his premises. Once in a while I receive a letter 

 from a man who says his trees are affected; what shall he do? He 

 might just as well write to a veterinary surgeon and tell him that 

 his stock is sick, what shall he do; without telling him what kind 

 of stock it is, or describing the disease. The first thing you have to 

 do is to learn to recognize the symptoms of the different pests, and 

 then treat each thing in a definite manner. Then, again, some men 

 read the results of experiments, and have trouble in mixing the 

 different ingredients properly, and they do not get the results; or 



