No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 585 



the results of our service, as shown here to-day in the interest mani- 

 fested by the public, and in our Demonstration Orchard Exhibit, 

 by the Inspectors. 



MR. YOUNGS: I wrote you a year ago in reference to the mar 

 terial that was put on the market by the Niagara Sprayer Co. At 

 that time you, of course, had not experimented with it, but we wish 

 to know now, what has been the result of your experiments in that 



line? 



PROF. SURFACE: Our further experiment with the prepared 

 lime and sulphur wash shows that it is as good a prepared wash as 

 can be gotten. In regard to strength, we have used it 1-8. I have 

 used it recently 1-11, but am not yet ready to report on it. But 

 there is just one word I want to say. In mixing 1-8 you can use 

 cold water for all sprayers but gas, but in using carbonic acid gas 

 pressure always use hot water, as the hot liquid does not dissolve 

 the gas and break up the solution as when cold. 



MR. YOUNGS: We have used several carloads of it in my home 

 town. 



PROF. SURFACE: You used it as a fungicide. In my report I 

 used it for scale, and not as a fungicide. 



MR. YOUNGS: We used it also as an insecticide, for the leaf, and 

 we have been able to get good results, but have had some burn- 

 ings of the leaf. So far as I am concerned, we were careful in using 

 it, and I am rather inclined to speak favorably of it. 



PROF. SURFACE: I used it for potato blight, and it did not burn 

 the foliage until I came down to San Jos6 Scale or winter strength. 



Our dei)artment entered into co-operation with the U. S. Depart- 

 ment in regard to the grape-root worm. We sprayed with arsenate 

 of lead at the time the beetles started, and two weeks later; the 

 number of grubs taken from ten vines in starting was 200, and after 

 spraying, showing that it is an easy matter to control it. The 

 United States Department saw the necessity X)f invigorating the 

 plant by every means possible, so we used nitrate of soda, about 

 400 pounds to the acre, in three applications, with the best results 

 in fruit. 



MR. ELDON: Professor, what was the proportion of the prepared 

 lime and sulphur wash? 



PROF. SURFACE: One to eight, of the commercial. I do not 

 think it can be made strong enough to hurt the plant, unless you 

 spray when in leaf. 



MR. ELDON: Is one to eight strong enough to kill the scale? 



PROF. SURFACE: Yes, sir. 



MR. ELDON: Well, I used it on peach trees, and found it was not 

 strong enough. 



PROF. SURFACE: What power did you use? 



MR. ELDON: A hand pump. 



PROF. SURFACE: There is no objection to that if the spraying 

 was properly done. 



MR. ELDON: I was there myself and I know it Was. I made a 

 thorough spraying with the lime and sulphur, and I know it will not 

 kill the scale at that strength. 



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