644 ANNUAL. JiEPOKT OF THE OfE. Doc. 



that he has knoAvn to be roarers but mentions none of their get that 

 were affected with bad wind, yet he believes the disease to be trans- 

 missable under some conditions. 



'Trince Charley" was condemned for a stud in Etigland, but was 

 purchased and brought to Kentucky by Mr. Daniel A. Swigert. He 

 sired two crops of colts but none of them had bad wind, so far as is 

 known. Among his get can be mentioned the well known ''Salvator." 

 Some of his get have also made good sires and transmitted his good 

 qualities, but no roarers. 



''Ormande" is another example of a horse rejected by England for 

 roaring. None of his get, in either Argentine, or this country, have 

 been reported as affected in the wind and a number of them are 

 well known. 



Eoaring is found in all breeds and all families of horses. Many 

 of the best draft stallions have been condemned on account of roaring. 

 Some have developed this condition after being imported at great 

 expense and were ejected from the stud for this reason. It is well 

 known that the disease often follows influenza, strangles, pneumonia, 

 etc., and it also develops from unknown and mysterious causes. 



Experience would indicate that horses should not be excluded from 

 breeding on account of roaring alone, in the absence of a history of 

 roaring among the immediate ancestors, especially if the conforma- 

 tion of the neck and throat are good, though extreme caution should 

 be exercised in the use of stallions so affected. There is no clear re- 

 corded evidence for rejecting for breeding animals afflicted with heaves 

 or emphysema. 



Spavin was described by the oldest writers on the subject of veter- 

 inary medicine and the subject has received almost constant atten- 

 tion for hundreds of years. Many causes and theories have been ad- 

 vanced. They have been classified in various ways by different authors 

 according to supposed causes and the pathological changes observed. 

 At the present time a spavin^ is considered a chronic inflammation 

 of the hock joint. Moller justly says that it is a collective, clinical 

 term covering a number of extremely diversified anatomical changes 

 in the hock. We recognize bog and bone spavins. Bog spavins are 

 soft, painless enlargements seen on the inner, outer, and anterior 

 faces of the hock. They are the result of an excessive distension 

 of the capsule of the hock joint with synovia. The contents of the 

 enlargement may be forced from one point to another by pressure. 

 The condition is sometimes called thoroughpin. It seldom causes 

 lameness except when in the period of formation or after hard work 

 in cases of excessive distension. It may be seen in young as well as 

 in old horses. 



Bone spavin usually appears as a hard bony enlargement on the 

 internal face of the hock. It may show on the posterior face where 

 a curb develops. There may be heat, tenderness and lameness, or the 

 enlargement may be seen with none of the other symptoms present. 

 In some of the most obstinate forms of spavin, there may be intense 

 lameness and no apparent enlargement. It may be observed in 

 horses with hocks of excellent, apparent or superficial, conformation. 

 For this reason spavin is often difficult to diagnose. 



Bad conformation is one of the most common predisposing causes 

 of spavin and such conformation is unquestionably hereditary. The 

 conformation in which spavins are most often found, is the narrow 



