346 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



About twenty years ago this disease came to Germany; they 

 thought they would be able to control it by simply quarantining the 

 farms, but they found that it was carried from one place to another, 

 even where quarantine restrictions were very strict. For twenty 

 years the disease has prevailed there, and it is estimated that the 

 farmers of Germany have lost more than |100,000,000, while the 

 German government has spent |30,000,000, to fight it. 



When England suffered her last outbreak of this disease, about 

 twelve years ago, the Board of Agriculture determined to fight it 

 in the same manner as they fight the cattle plague, rinderpest, and 

 pleuropneumonia. These same measures are adopted in I^orway, 

 Sweden and Denmark, and were followed in the New England out- 

 break of 1902. While these measures seem stringent, they are the 

 most effective, and in the end the most economical. We have found 

 it necessary to destroy many herds — 100 herds, in fifteen counties. 

 In appraising, we have tried to find out the actual value of each 

 animal, and of this appraisement the State has paid one-third and 

 the Federal government two-thirds. 



At the beginning of the outbreak, the United States government 

 quarantined the entire State of Pennsylvania, and the State of Penn- 

 sylvania quarantined the districts in which the disease appeared. 



In moving animals over public roads in the quarantined district, 

 it has been necessary to get a permit from the State Livestock Sani- 

 tary Board showing that tbe animals have all been inspected, and 

 are free from any disease or exposure. We are under agreement to 

 continue this quarantine, and to move cattle in these districts under 

 inspection, on pain of having the entire State quarantined by the 

 Federal government. This makes a very great but unavoidable hard- 

 ship on the owners of cattle in the infected districts. There is, how- 

 ever, some consolation in the knowledge that if quarantine were 

 not established the hardship would be much greater. 



A week ago last Sunday, there was discovered a new outbreak in 

 Lancaster county. If there are no new developments in the next 

 few weeks, I believe it will be possible to get a modified form of 

 quarantine from the United States government. I think w^e are 

 about at the end of our trouble, but it is still necessary to continue 

 a very close watch in the infected districts. The infection may lie 

 slumbering in the hay, straw, manure, or an animal may have had 

 the disease and recovered, but be capable of spreading the infection 

 for several months to come; therefore it is not likely that all quar- 

 antine restrictions will be removed before early in the Spring, but 

 it will be possible before that time to ship cattle from quarantined 

 districts for slaughter before that time — probably within a very 

 short time. 



The British people are exceedingly afraid of this disease, and 

 their government is taking no chances in regard to importing the 

 disease. Just as soon as the presence of this disease became known 

 here in Pennsylvania, the British Consul took steps to ascertain 

 whether proper measures were being taken to control the disease, 

 and the British government made an order preventing the ship- 

 ment of any livestock to England from Philadelphia, New York and 

 Baltimore. Since then, our exports of livestock have been very 

 small and chiefly from Boston and Portland. Eighteen cattle steam 

 ships sail from Philadelphia making an average of one voyage a 



