No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 413 



23.5 pounds for the same amount of money. A feed thus adulterated 

 contains approximately 15 per cent, of cottonseed hulls, which con- 

 tains only 2.1 per cent, protein, .50 per cent, fat and 50 per cent, 

 fiber. Three hundred pounds of hulls would therefore be sold in 

 each ton of feed, for 14.80 or at the rate of |32 per ton for cotton- 

 seed hulls. 



In some instances, flax screenings have been sold as flax meal. 

 Sample No. 6 being flax meal and Sample No. 8, screenings. In this 

 case, the consumer, instead of securing pure ground flaxseed, would 

 get for his money, ground screenings, when purchasing this article, 

 which consists of a large number of weed seeds and chaff. No. 9 

 is another feed which is sometimes sold for a pure flax product and 

 is a refuse from the flax plant, including the shives or outside 

 portion of the flax plant not used in the manufacture of twine, or 

 fiber, together with weed seeds. 



No. 11 is a product found on our market which was sold as 

 brewers' grains and which contained malt sprouts and rice hulls. 

 The adulterant, rice hulls, found in this feed, is one of the most 

 commonly used and is not only high in crude fiber, but is very 

 indigestible. The edges of the hulls are lined with fine teeth 

 resembling the teeth of a saw. These sharp edges irritate the mucus 

 membrane or lining of the animal's stomach^and greatly impair the 

 digestive function. The analysis of pure brewers' grains and of the 

 inferior sample, does not differ very much, but the composition does 

 differ greatly. From the comparison of these two feeds, it is evident 

 that the composition or ingredients of the same should be plainly 

 printed on the bag in order that a prospective buyer who may not 

 know what the percentage of protein, fat and fiber may* be, can 

 readily determine the quality of such material by knowing the 

 several ingredients contained therein. 



We have collected many gluten feeds during the past year, which 

 have been artificially colored or dyed with aniline dye. This color- 

 ing is done to make the feeds more uniform in color where white 

 corn is used in the manufacture. A very small amount of dye is 

 used to secure the required color, and it is not known whether or 

 not this amount of dye has any injurious effect upon the stock using 

 this feed in the ration. No. 12 is an average gluten feed not 

 colored. No. 13 is one which is colored, No. 14 is the dye used. No. 

 15 is the acid solution which has been extracted from a colored feed, 

 and No. 16 is some woolen jarn which has been dyed with the acid 

 solution. 



Another source of ndultoration is from weed seeds and ground 

 corn cobs. Weed seeds or wheat screenings are used largely in 

 molasses feeds and ground corn cobs are used to cheapen the wheat 

 products, such as whea;t bran, wheat fernl and wheat middlings. No. 

 17 is an average sample of wheat middlings. No. 18 is a sample of 

 wheat middlings containing wood seeds. No. 19 is a sample of middl- 

 ings containing gi'ound corn cobs and so stated on the bag. and No. 

 20 is one of the several samples of wheat middlings adulterated 

 with over 25 per cent, of corn cobs and sold as the pure article.' 

 In tlip case of the feed containing wer-d seeds, it will be noticed 

 from a comparison of its analysis with that of the pure sam])le, 

 that the protein, fat and fiber content is a little higher. Weed 



