480 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. T)oc. 



of a small quantity of fruit. They waste nothing. The local gro- 

 cei'jman can buy vinegar as cheap from the manufacturer as from 

 the local grower. If he buys from the grower, there is always an 

 inspector along right away and he is almost certain to find something 

 wrong with the vinegar as the farmer does not have facilities to 

 guarantee the analysis down to fine points as the large manufacturer 

 does, and as this law requires. The result is that the local dealer is 

 fined and will not buy any more vinegar from the local grower. 

 The only way we can get into the game is to erect a vinegar plant 

 and employ one who has had experience. He will come and make 

 the vinegar for you, but he won't tell you how. That is his trade 

 secret. It is the same thing that is true with the canning industry. 

 There is no trouble at all to get a processor who is capable of taking 

 care of a canning plant. If you want a certain product furnish 

 him with the raw material and the help and machinery and he will 

 make it for you. 



Member: What is the commercial price of vinegar to-day? 



MR. CATCHPOLE: About fifteen cents a gallon retail and about 

 ten or eleven cents wholesale. 



Member: What percentage of loss is there in conversion of cider 

 into vinegar? 



MR. CATCHPOLE: None. 



Member: Wliat tools do you find good for general cultivation? 



MR. CATCHPOIiE : The spring tooth harrow is used very largely 

 with us. The peach grower will use the double action cut-away. 

 Those having stones and thistles will use the "Planet, Jr." No. 41 

 orchard cultivator. We use the single action cutaway sometimes, 

 but vei'y largely use the spring tooth harrow. I think some of you 

 will find as your orchards grow older that it is advisable not to plow 

 as deep as you are now plowing. It is advisable to plow shallow 

 near the tree itself and for that purpose the Canadian plows are 

 best. The American manufacturers have produced a variety of 

 styles of plows for this purpose but they are crude in their make-up 

 and too weak in the beam. They have two, three and four horse 

 plows, but the best tool we have found for the orchard work is made 

 over in Canada by a Canadian firm. They are very strong and have 

 extra strength in the beam and do the work properly, so that one 

 can attach to it three, four or five feet of chain or rope and drive 

 your team straight, leaving a straight furrow without danger of 

 striking the tree. We generally use three horses and plow about 

 five inches deep. The depth is regulated by wheel. 



MR. PRICKETT : What is the price of one of these plows? 



MR. CATCHPOLE: They cost about the same as the ordinary 

 sulky plow. 



Member: Isn't the wheel in the way of the tree? 



MR. CATCHPOLE: The furrow wheel is adjustable and can be 

 brought in so that it will not interfere Avith the tree. 



Member: Will it work with a long hitch on hillsides? 



MR. CATCHPOLE: It is inclined to kick out behind. 



Member: How do you make the plow run straight when team 

 is hitched to side. 



MR. CATCHPOLE: This plow naturally runs straight on soil free 

 from stones. 



MR. COX: T would like to ask Mr. Catch pole where those plows 

 are made. 



