196 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



of strawberries. The old trees produced 1,600 baskets of peaches in 1874. 

 Eight hundred grape vines. Only lost five or six trees during the severe winter 

 of 1872. Stops cultivating peach trees in the middle of July. This orchard 

 has been manured with tannery waste, and is in a very thrifty and healthy 

 condition, with promise of an abundant crop in 1875. The peaches on this 

 enriched orchard are very large, but not so numerous as they would have been 

 on poorer soil. Between the elevations is black soil, which on being drained 

 has been proved to be splendidly adapted to onions, 750 bushels of which were 

 produced in 1874 from two acres. Mr. Hawley is making a specialty of the 

 Yellow Danvers onion, and is producing not only large crops for market, but 

 raises fine seed of this variety, grown from selected onions. For this he has a 

 great demand, and intends to plant 200 bushels of onions in 3 875, from which 

 he expects to supply the increasing demand for seed. Many farmers, seeing 

 Mr. Hawley's success, are preparing to sow onions in 1875, and they all prefer 

 seed known to be raised from solid, globular onions, and Mr. Hawley plants 

 none other. Mr. Hawley has adopted the plan of sowing oats with strawber- 

 ries, so as to mulch them with straw that will not blow awav. 



WIKE MAKING IK SAUGATUCK. 



Mr. Richard B. Newnham has a two-acre lot in Saugatuck: forty pear, 100 

 peach, and thirty-five apple trees ; three-fourths acre of grapes. This inter- 

 esting garden was commenced seven years ago as a clearing. Peach trees 

 planted four years ago and now in good bearing. From fifteen trees of Hale's 

 Early, Mr. Newnham gathered in 1874 sixty baskets of peaches. One Early 

 York produced twelve baskets. Crawfords did not bear as well. Twelve trees 

 of Stump the World, planted four years ago, yielded over twenty baskets. 

 Very fine quality. All these trees were thinned carefully, but the Early York, 

 with its twelve basketfuls, split badly with its weight of fruit. Pear trees bear 

 so well as to require thinning. They have suffered from sun-scald on the south 

 side of the standard trees, the bark turning black where unprotected from the 

 summer sun. Where protected from the sun's rays they remain sound and 

 without blight. Where injured in this way, the trees have been restored by a 

 plaster of cow dung. Duchesse D'Angouleme, White Doyenne, and Bartlett 

 are especially liable to overbear. Of grapes, the Creveling, lona, and Clinton 

 are remarkably successful. Gathered in 1874 three bushels from one Clinton 

 vine six years old. Made 100 gallons of excellent wine, besides otherwise using 

 a large amount of grapes. The loua wine was particularly rich with aroma 

 and boquet. Mr. Newnham mashes the grapes, and as the mash runs from the 

 press sugar is added. It is then allowed to ferment in a cask, and when fer- 

 mentation stops, the cask is bunged close, allowed to stand several weeks till 

 clear, and then racked off into another cask. His wine sells readily by sample. 



HIGH CULTUEE FOR GRAPES.— EXHIBITING VINES IN BEARING. 



Mr. Theodore F. Kleeman : Ten acres south of Lake Kalamazoo. Four 

 acres grapes, 300 peach, 20 pear and 20 apple trees. Grapes consist of lonas, 

 Delawares, Clintons, Burgundies, Muscatells, Catawbas, and Dianas. The Mus- 

 catells are much larger than Concords. Also several grapes imported direct 

 from Germany, consisting of Silfani, a small green grape about the size of the 

 Delaware; the Golden Red, about the size of the Ionia, but more red than the 

 Delaware; and the Goodeder, a large white, round grape. These new grapes 

 were planted last spring, and have made excellent growth. Another vineyard 



