400 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



suits in his pear crop ; used on vegefables was valuable ; mentioned beans es- 

 pecially, increasing their size and yield sixty-nine per cent. Manner of pre- 

 paration and application : To one barrel of water add two and one-half pounds 

 of the sulphate of iron, — the solution is then to be sprinkled upon the ground 

 about the roots or plants. Mr. Williams said he had used this preparation in 

 certain cases with very satisfactory results. 



The President stated that he last fall packed a number of barrels of apples, 

 first wrapping pieces of newspaper about each apple, in the way in which 

 oranges and lemons are put up for shipment. He had just received for them, 

 sold Tn Chicago, at the rate of ^9 per barrel, while others, equally as good, put 

 up in the ordinary way, brought but 15 and 16 per barrel. 



Messrs. Dyckman, Hurl but, Williams, Sheffer, and others expressed their de- 

 termination to use to some extent the "Windoes Curculio Remedy." At the 

 next meeting opportunity will be given those desiring to buy the material for 

 this purpose to unite and purchase a quantity, thereby getting it at reduced 

 rates. Fruit men will please note this fact and be present. 



BUGGING. 



South Haven, May 25. 1874. 



Some one recently, while speaking of the insuflficienoy of knowledge concern- 

 ing fruit growing, said fruit culture was not a science. At one of our recent 

 meetings we established the fact that lor ourgiiidance in pruning the branches 

 of the tree were as essential to the perfect development of the tree as the roots, 

 and the first eifort of the tree was to restore the deficiency to preserve the bal- 

 ance ; that while the roots furnished sap, the leaves and green parts were 

 equally necessary to digest it ; that excessive pruning of the roots or top was 

 an injury ; that'the long limbs and roots should be shortened, and the numer- 

 ous small ones thinned out ; that bruised limbs, trunk, or roots should be cut 

 smooth and covered to assist in healing; that pruning should be done when 

 the tree is making the most new growth so as to more quickly heal the cut, — 

 these facts are as well established as similar ones in the science of surgery. 



At another meeting we ascertained that the codling moth and twig borer 

 passed the winter here in the worm or chrysalis state, and as such can be easily 

 destroyed. The last meeting was principally used in ascertaining the best 

 remedy to preserve our trees from the climbing cut-worm, which crawls up the 

 tree at night and eats the buds, green fruit, or foliage, descends in the morning 

 and burrows in the ground or hides under chips, or anything to secrete it from 

 its enemies. The conclusions arrived at were that the eggs are laid in August 

 at or near the base of the tree, where they hatch, and before winter make about 

 one-third of their growth by nightly eating the new growth of the tree. When 

 severe weather comes on they burrow in the ground until spring, when they 

 continue eating, growing and maturing until June, at which time they go into 

 the ground and enclose themselves in a case, transform into a miller and 

 emerge about the first of August, lay soon after, and then disappear. One 

 mcmljer suggested to go out Avith a lantern at night and pick them off or shake 

 them on a sheet. Another advised placing chips or barks at the foot of the 

 tree for them to hide under, remove the chips daring the day and destroy 

 them. Another advised sowing oats or buckwheat to leed them. The moit 



