CHAPTER IV. 

 STAINS AND STAINING SOLUTIONS 



NOTE: Use distilled water in all solutions. 



ACETO- CARMINE: (Schneider's) Mix equal volumes of glacial acetic 

 acid and water. Saturate with powdered carmine, boil, cool and filter. 



ALUM COCHINEAL: Boil powdered cochineal in 5% aqueous solution of 

 aluminum potassium sulfate or aluminum ammonium sulfate. Filter and 

 add a little salicylic acid to the filtrate as a preservative. 



AMMONIA- CARMINE: (Ranvier) Dissolve carmine in water with a slight 

 excess of ammonia. Evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in water, 

 and filter. 



AZO-CARMINE: Azo-carmine GX 0.2 g. , boiling water 100 ml. When cool 

 filter and add 1 ml. glacial acetic acid. The precipitate redissolves 

 as the stain is used at 55 C. Azo-carmine B 0.33 g., water 100 ml., 

 acetic acid trace. 



AZAN STAIN: cf. Mallory A' and Azo-carmine. 



BEST'S CARMINE: Carmine 2 g. , potassium carbonate 1 g. , potassium 

 chloride 5 g., water 60 ml. Boil gently for a few minutes and cool. 

 Then add 20 ml. of cone, ammonium hydroxide. 



BORAX -CARMINE: (Grenacher' s ) Sodium tetraborate (borax) 4% aqueous 

 solution 100 ml., carmine 3 g. Boil until the carmine dissolves, cool 

 and add 100 ml. of 70% alcohol. Filter after 24 hours. 



BORREL: A. 1% aqueous magenta (basic fuchsin)JB_. Indigo carmine 1 g., 

 distilled water 60 ml., saturated aqueous picric acid 40 ml. 



CARBOL-FUCHSIN: Fuchsin (sat. ale. sol.) 10 ml., phenol (5% aq. sol.) 

 90 ml. 



CARBOL-FUCHSIN: (Goodpasture's) Alcohol (20%) 100ml., phenol (melted) 

 1 ml., aniline 1 ml., basic fuchsin 0.5 g. 



CARMALUM: (Mayer's) Carminic acid 1 g., aluminum ammonium or aluminum 

 potassium sulfate 10 g., water 100 ml. Dissolve with heat and filter 

 the solution when cold. Add a crystal of thymol as a preservative. 



ERLICH'S TRIPLE STAIN: (triacid mixture) Orange G (sat. aq. sol.) 



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