G22 



DATA OF GEOCHEMISTRY 



Eurasian landmass there are only scattered analyses, 

 most of them incomplete. 



It is evident from even the small number of analyses 

 presented in table 29 that the waters of Portugal are 

 varied and interesting. Only the Alviela water is of a 

 typical calcium bicarbonate type. In the others there 

 is almost as much magnesium as calcium in three out 

 of four waters, and there is more sodium than either 

 magnesium or calcium in the same three. Sulfate is 

 more important than bicarbonate in two waters, and 

 there is a considerable amount of chloride as well. In 

 a more dilute water these proportions of chloride, sul- 

 fate, and sodium might be attributed to sea-spray, 

 but in these waters, with several hundred parts per 

 million of total dissolved solids, it is likely that the ions 

 come from sedimentary rocks in the watersheds of the 

 rivers. It is evident that the Iberian peninsula would 

 repay close hydrochemical study. 



The British Isles have a diversity of water chemistry 

 that befits their geology. The more concentrated 

 waters, with several hundred parts per million of total 



Table 29. — Analyses, in parts per million, of water from Portugal 



[Analyses from unpublished data provided by the Laboratorio de Analises Ftsico- 

 qulmicas e Micrograficas of the Companhia das Aguas de Lisboa] 



A. Rio Tejo at Valada. Dec. 19, 1957. 



B. Rio Tejo at Valada. July 24, 1957. 



C. Rio ZSzere at Albufeira de Castelo de Bode. Aug. 20, 1951. 



D. Rio Zfesere at Albufeira de Castelo de Bode. Feb. 1, 1951. 



E. Alviela at Entrada dos Barbadinhos. Sept. 19, 1957. 



F. Alviela at Barbadinhos. Feb. 15, 1957. 



Table 30. — Analyses, in parts per million, of water from Shrop- 

 shire meres, England 



A. Newton Mere, Shropshire. Nov. 1954. 



B. Blake Mere, Shropshire. June 1955. 



C. Kettle Mere, Shropshire. June 1955. 



D. White Mere, Shropshire. Nov. 1954. 



E. Ellesmere, Shropshire. June 1955. 



F. Crose Mere, Shropshire. June 1955. 



dissolved solids, are predominantly calcium bicarbon- 

 ate types, but variations from this must be expected. 

 Notice, for instance, the high sodium content of the 

 Roach in Lancashire (table 34). There may be 

 streams draining coal measures with much more sul- 

 fate than any of the waters listed in tables 30-34. 



Table 31. — Miscellaneous analyses, in parts per million, of water 

 from England 



[Analyses A-B are from Gorham (1956, p. 376). Analyses C-H are recalculated from 

 Gorham (1957e, p. 23)] 



A. Pool on top of bog, Bog Hill, Moor House Nature Reserve. 



B. Drain, Bog Hill, Moor House Nature Reserve. 



C. A small lake near Sandiway, Cheshire, Jan. 1955. 



D. Oak Mere, Cheshire. Oct. 1954. 



E. Budworth Pool, Cheshire. Oct. 1954. 



F. Rostherne Mere, Cheshire. Oct. 1954. 



G. Pick Mere, Cheshire. Oct. 1954. 



H. Budworth Mere, Cheshire. Oct. 1954. 



Table 32.- — Analyses, in 



parts per 

 Scotland 



million, of water from 



[Data are from Gorham (1957b, p. 146). Samples were collected July 21-25, 1955, in 

 the Cairn Gorm-Strath Spey district] 



HC0 3 -'. - 



SOr J 



OH 



NO3- 1 



Ca«~ .... 



Mg*» 



Na« 



K+i— - 



SiOj— 



Total dissolved solids 



0.2 



<.06 

 .2 

 .1 

 .8 

 .2 

 1.9 



6.3 



Nil 



2.8 



4.7 



<.05 



.3 



.4 



2.8 



.4 



.9 



12.4 



1.0 

 3.1 

 2.7 



.30 

 1.3 



.2 

 2.0 



.2 

 2.2 



13 



16.9 

 4.9 

 7.6 



.05 

 5.9 



.9 

 5.2 



.8 

 1.2 



43.6 



4.7 

 2.5 

 3.8 

 <,05 

 1.4 



.3 

 3.3 



.4 

 3.5 



:o 



7.6 

 4.0 

 7.1 



<05 

 2.7 



.5 

 5.4 



.6 

 6.3 



32.6 

 5.7 

 9.0 

 .10 

 9.5 

 1.4 

 7.8 

 1.5 

 4.5 



72.1 



17.3 

 5.8 

 8.5 



.05 

 5.8 



.9 

 6.5 

 1.0 

 4.5 



60.4 



A. lyochan, Coire an Lochain, beneath Cairn Lochan. 



B. Lochan Dubh a' Chadha. 



C. Loch Einich. 



D. An Lochan Uaine. 



E. Loch Morlich. 



F. Loch an Eilein. 



G. Artificial loch at Drumintoul Lodge. 

 H. Loch Pityoulish. 



Table 33. — Analyses, in parts per million, of water from western 



Ireland 

 [All data are from Gorham (1957d, p. 238). Samples collected May 6-8, 1956] 



A. Blanket bog pools, Gowlan East. 



B. Upper Lake, Killarney. 



C. Muckross Lough, Killarney. 



D. Lough Shindilla, Connemara. 



E. Lough Agraffard, Connemara. 



F. Craiggamore Lough, Connemara. 



G. Garraunbaun Lough, Connemara. 



