transport and road construction, water collection and dis- 

 tribution, electric power generation and distribution, mak- 

 ing of cement, bricks, and glass, housing methods, and the 

 mechanization of agriculture — ^is already available to us. 

 It is evident that the onus lies on the leading nations to 

 provide this technical knowledge, not because of any moral 

 duty towards the undeveloped nations, but because the ad- 

 vancement of all peoples to a roughly equal standard of 

 civilization is essential for the removal of the basic cause 

 of war — ^which would affect the highly developed countries 

 most seriously. 



Large new deposits of metal ores — especially of iron, 

 copper, aluminum, manganese, nickel, cobalt, lead, zinc 

 and tin — must be located in this century if large-scale tech- 

 nological progress is to be possible. And we must be sure 

 of further supplies to last far into the future also. So far 

 mineral prospecting has been undertaken chiefly for visible 

 surface ore outcrops, although the search for petroleum, 

 (and more recently for ferrous ores), is now being under- 

 taken in deep rock strata. With the highly precise geo- 

 physical exploration techniques now available, including 

 the gravimeter, seismometer, magnetometer, and electro- 

 magnetic detector, the last two of which can be operated 

 from aircraft, there seems little doubt that whenever ores 

 exist beneath the surface, we shall be able to find them. 

 The enormously greater volume of rock brought within 

 reach of investigation with these modern techniques, com- 

 bined with the success of discovery of much oil and at least 

 one new ore body already obtained, lead one to expect 

 that supplies of the economically important minerals will 

 be available for a long time yet. 



With regard to world energy sources, the main ones for 

 consideration are: (a) Nuclear fuels; (b) Petroleum and 



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