high soon after scientific method is first applied to the 

 food and disease problems, are very desirable. The more 

 the birth rate can be lowered, the fewer individuals there 

 will be for the working population to support, so light- 

 ening the economic burden. Modem methods of con- 

 trolling the birth rate, including voluntary sterilization, 

 are able to do so effectively, as is evidenced by Japan 

 the population of which is growing at only a moderate 

 controlled rate; whereas the Chinese and Indian popula- 

 tions, with population densities only a quarter and a half 

 that of Japan respectively, are growing at rapid uncontrolled 

 rates. Since China and India have not only rapid population 

 growth rates, but also very large populations (700 and 436 

 millions respectively in 1960), it is most important that 

 these two countries adopt effective birth control immediately. 

 Pakistan (population 87 million) and Indonesia (popula- 

 tion 90 million) must be included also as needing im- 

 mediate birth control measures. The nations of Africa, 

 Central and South America (north region), and the Mir- 

 dle East, although having low population densities at 

 present, also have rapid growth rates, and wiU therefore 

 have to control these fairly soon. 



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