CONTENTS 



8 : Transmission of Variety . 



Inversion .... 

 Transmission from system to system 

 Transmission through a channel 



9 : Incessant Transmission 

 The Markov chain . 

 Entropy ..... 

 Noise ..... 



140 

 145 

 151 

 154 



161 

 165 



174 

 186 



PART THREE: REGULATION AND CONTROL 



10: Regulation in Biological Systems . . . .195 

 Survival 197 



1 1 : Requisite Variety ....... 202 



The law 206 



Control 213 



Some variations . . . . . . .216 



12: The Error-controlled Regulator . . . .219 



The Markovian machine ...... 225 



Markovian regulation . . . . . .231 



Determinate regulation ...... 235 



The power amplifier ...... 238 



Games and strategies ...... 240 



13: Regulating THE Very Large System .... 244 



Repetitive disturbance ...... 247 



Designing the regulator . . . . . .251 



Quantity of selection ...... 255 



Selection and machinery ...... 259 



14: Amplifying Regulation 265 



What is an amplifier? 265 



Amplification in the brain ..... 270 



Amplifying intelligence . . . . . . 271 



References 273 



Answers to Exercises ....... 274 



Index 289 



IX 



72325 



