C. A. ELVEHJEM 



formal teaching responsibilities other than to assist in the train- 

 ing of graduate students. I think everyone agrees that this is an 

 ideal method of insuring substantial returns for each research 

 dollar spent, and I believe we must take steps to have the prac- 

 tice more generally adopted. 



Only by fulfilling our responsibilities as research institu- 

 tions can we expect to meet our obligations as teaching institu- 

 tions as well. As I pointed out earlier, on the level of graduate 

 education we can teach the methods and aims of active research 

 only by requiring each student to participate in one of our 

 research projects. The value of research to teaching operates 

 on the undergraduate level as well, for only by having a large 

 number of faculty members who are active researchers can we 

 expect to produce bachelor degree candidates who are fully 

 aware of contemporary progress, not to mention promises and 

 potentialities, in their respective fields of specialization. 



It is important that state universities continue to maintain 

 their position as research institutions, for in numerical terms 

 they consistently educate the largest number of advanced 

 students, and only by maintaining our research efforts can we 

 hope to continue to produce the numbers of skilled scientists 

 which will be required by our future economic, educational, 

 and defense efforts. 



It was recently revealed that during the period 1956-57, 

 land-grant colleges and state universities conferred 53 per cent 

 of all doctorate degrees, 69 per cent of doctorates in the biolog- 

 ical fields, 64 per cent in engineering, 71 per cent in the health 

 professions, 59 per cent in the physical sciences. As enrollments 

 increase generally, I doubt that these percentages will change 

 appreciably and the burden for educating the research men, 

 the university teachers, and leaders in industrial technology, 

 will fall to the land-grant schools and to the private institu- 

 tions in the same proportions it has in the past. If it is an intel- 



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