86 Bulletin, Vanderbilt Marine Museum, Vol. Ill 



Synonymy. — Arctus americanus S. I. Smith, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, 

 vol. 48, p. 119, 1869 ; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 4, p. 229, 

 1872.— A. E. Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb. Syst., vol. 10, p. 270, 1897.— 

 Eathbun, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., vol. 20, pt. 2, p. 97, 1901. 



Scyllarus gundlachi E. von Martens, Arch. Naturg., vol. 38, pt. 1, 

 p. 123, pi. 5, fig. 3, 1872. 



Scyllarus americanus E. L. Bouvier, Results Camp. Sci. Monaco, vol. 

 50, p. 106, 1917 ; Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 47, No. 5, p. 447, 

 text fig. 14, 16, pi. 7, fig. 3, 1925. 



Family: ERYONIDAE. 



Genus : POLYCHELES C. Heller. 

 Polycheles sculptus S. I. Smith. 



Plate 23, fig. B. 



■'&• 



Type: Prof. Smith's type was collected in 250 fms., off the coast of 

 Nova Scotia, S. E. of Sable Island, Lat. 43° 10' N., Long. 61° 20' W., 

 by Capt. Thomas Olsen, of the schooner "Espes Tarr" and deposited 

 in the United States National Museum. 



Distribution : This curious blind, claw-footed relic of the ancient 

 Triassic Seas is known from the depth of the Atlantic on both sides, 

 having been recorded from Nova Scotia, the east coast of the United 

 States, the Antilles ; from off the British Isles, the Cape Verde Islands, 

 the Azores, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Cape of Good Hope. 



Material examined: One very young specimen, dredged in 1100 

 fms., off Miami, Fla., March 3, 1926, by the "Ara." 



Color: See Bouvier 's exquisite color-plate. This shows the animal 

 to be a delicate semitranslucent old ivory, with the body-spines, tail- 

 fan, antennae and legs delicately tinged with rose, the setae golden. 



Discussion : Briefly characterized, this species may be distinguished 

 from the other Atlantic species by the presence of a pair of rostral 

 spines; the median dorsal carina bears, in addition to these rostral 

 spines, the following : precervical, 2, 1, 2 ; postcervical, 2, 2, 2 ; the pos- 

 terior marginal carina is armed with a pair of larger submedian spines 

 situated at the posterior extremity of the dorsal carina. The inner 

 orbital angle bears one spine. For full description of this species see 

 Smith's description, also Bouvier; and Boone (Arcturus Expedition). 



This curious species affords the carcinologist opportunity for the 

 study of one of the most remarkably primitive crustaceans known. 



