BAKULEV 34 



he became a professor in 1935. In 1943 he was head of the 

 Surgical Clinical Faculty of the Pediatric Faculty at the Second 

 Moscow Medical Institute, and as of 1962 has been Chairman of 

 the Surgical Clinical Faculty of the Therapeutic Faculty. 



During World War II he was a front-line surgeon and subse- 

 quently chief surgeon of the Moscow Evacuation Hospital and 

 chief of the surgical division of the Kremlin Therapeutico- 

 Sanitation Administration Hospital. Bakulev was elected 

 Corresponding Member of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Medical 

 Sciences in 1947, and in 1948 Active Member. In 1958 he was 

 made Academician of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences. In 

 1954 and in 1957, he was elected President of the U.S.S.R. 

 Academy of Medical Sciences. He was a Deputy to the Supreme 

 Soviet of the U.S.S.R., third to fifth convocations. Bakulev was 

 an Honored Scientist of the R.S-F.S.R. in 1947. He was award- 

 ed a State Prize in 1949, and in 1957, and two other times Lenin 

 Prizes. In 1960 he was made a Hero of Socialist Labor. 



Bakulev conducted detailed studies on kidney function during 

 ureter transplantation and worked in the field of bone surgery, 

 tumors of the posterior mediastinum, and lungs. At the 

 Moscow Clinic, he studied encephalography and ventriculography 

 and was one of the first to introduce these methods in clinical 

 research in the U.S.S.R. He has also proposed the treatment 

 of brain abscesses by puncture (his doctoral dissertation). 



During the second World War he studied the treatment of 

 firearms wounds, including spinal cord wounds and cranium 

 damage with exposed tissue where he proposed a closed suture 

 method. 



After the war Bakulev turned to thoracic surgery problems 

 in lung and heart operations, and in 1948 performed the first 

 operation in the U.S.S.R. on a congenital defective heart. 



In 1956 Bakulev initiated the organization of the Institute of 

 Thoracic Surgery in Moscow, which in 1960 was reorganized 

 into the U.S.S.R. Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of 

 Cardiovascular Surgery. He organized scientific research in 

 acquired and congenital diseases of the heart and main vessels, 

 developed surgical methods for their treatment, and incorpo- 

 rated these methods into medical practice (Stalin Prize 1957). 



Other activities of Bakulev include Chairmanship of the 

 Scientific Coordination Council, Academy of Medical Sciences 

 U.S.S.R. and Membership in the Institute of Chest Surgery, 

 Moscow, Academy of Medical Sciences U.S.S.R. 



