ROGINSKII 316 



ROGINSKII, SIMON ZALMANOVICH (Physical Chemist) 



S. Z. Roginskii was born March 25, 1900. He graduated in 

 1922 from Dnepropetrovsk University. From 1923 to 1928 he 

 taught at the Dnepropetrovsk Mining Institute and, beginning in 

 1925, was also a scientific worker for the Ukrainian Institute of 

 Physical Chemistry. He worked at the Institute of Chemical 

 Physics of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences in 1928-41 and at 

 the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute. In 1941 he began work at 

 the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the U.S.S.R. Academy of 

 Sciences. Roginskii was elected in 1939 a Corresponding Mem- 

 ber of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences. 



The works of Roginskii are devoted to study of catalysis, 

 kinetics of heterogeneous reactions, and chemistry and use of 

 isotopes. He showed that the surface of solids is not homogene- 

 ous in its adsorption and catalytic properties, and formulated a 

 general theory of adsorption and catalysis for heterogeneous 

 surfaces. He has used the electron microscope in studying the 

 structure of catalysts. Roginskii proposed a microchemical 

 theory for active surfaces. He is the author of the first 

 Soviet article on isotope exchange and the use of artificial 

 radioactive isotopes for studying chemical reactions. He 

 worked out a series of isotope methods for studying surfaces 

 of solid bodies. Roginskii is the author of a theory on the 

 preparation of catalysts ("theory of super saturation''), in ac- 

 cordance with which the catalytic activity of a solid body grows 

 with the withdrawal of the system from the equilibrium in the 

 process of preparing the catalyst. He studied the kinetics of 

 reactions in the solid phase. Roginskii formulated a crystal- 

 lization theory of topochemical reactions. He studied chemical 

 reactions of free atoms hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the 

 kinetics of the decomposition of explosives. 

 Bibliography: 



Adsorption and Catalysis on Heterogeneous Surfaces. 



Moscow -Leningrad: 1948. 



and N. E. Brezhneva . Utilization of artificial radioactive 



elements as indicators. Uspekhi Khim., 1938, !_, #10. 



Kinetics of topochemical reactions. Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1938, 



12, #4. 



Theoretical basis in preparing catalysts. I. Zhur. Priklad. 



Khim., 1944, 17, #1-2. 



Basis of the theory of a catalyst in problems of kinetics and 



catalysis. VI. Heterogeneous Catalysis. Works of the AU- 



Union Conference on Catalysis. Moscow -Leningrad: 1949. 



