PSYCHOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 



The Field of Industrial 

 Variables to Be Measured 



A. tAeasurahle Aspects of Significant ' 

 Industrial Behavior 



Output 



Quantity of output 



Quality of output 



Proportion of spoiled work 

 Excellence of product 



Variations in output 



Earnings 

 Savings 



Absenteeism, lateness 

 Labor turnover 

 Labor stability 



Length of service 

 Time required to learn 

 Rate of advancement 

 Health 



Medical examination data 



Records of illness 



Safety 



Accident frequency and sever- 



Lost time; minor mishaps 

 Suggestions — number and value 



of 

 Conflicts, individual and group 



Disagreements; emotional out- 

 bursts 



Acts of insubordination 



Restriction of output, sabot- 

 age 



Strikes, lock-outs 



Fatigue (decreased capacity) 

 Energy-cost (oxygen consump- 

 tion) 

 Fatigue (feelings of weariness) 

 Interest in work 



Feelings of zest; absorption 



in task 

 Feelings of boredom, distaste, 

 unrest 



Reveries 



Grouches, pessimistic ideas, 

 worries, etc. 



Daydreams 

 Morale, labor attitudes 

 Satisfaction, contentment 



as 



related 



to 



Psychology 

 and Related 



B. Factors Conditioning Behavior 

 Fitness for work 



Individual abilities, charac- 

 teristics, and desires, such 

 as 



Age, education, and experi- 

 ence 

 Interests; ambition 

 Emotional stability 

 Intelligence 

 Strength and health 

 Special aptitudes and talents 

 Social and economic status 

 Training 

 Supervision 



Methods and attitudes of 

 supervisors 

 Organization of work 



Layout, routing, supply of 

 materials, instruction cards 

 Work methods, tools, ma- 

 chines, postures, variety, 

 etc. 

 Hours, rest periods 

 Work surroundings: lighting, 

 ventilation, noise, music, fel- 

 low workers, etc. 

 Financial incentives 



Salary, wages; fairness of rate 

 Method of payment: day 

 wage, piece rate, group 

 bonus, etc. 

 Non-financial incentives 



Supervisory encouragement or 



drive 

 Approval of fellow workers; 



honor roll, etc. 

 Graphic record of production 

 Group rivalry, etc. 

 Opportunity for advancement 

 Uncertainties concerning wage 

 cuts, accidents, health haz- 

 ards, old age, unemployment 

 Miscellaneous: personnel and 

 management policies and 

 methods; provision for par- 

 ticipation in management, 

 group insurance, unemploy- 

 ment compensation, etc. 

 Life outside of working hours 

 Food, sleep, etc. 

 Standard of living 

 Use of leisure 

 Home conditions 



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