144 



THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE BODY 



Part III 



Finger bone 

 Pholonx 



Bock of hand 

 Metocorpus 



Fingers benf 

 Typewriting Clinging 



lUMSAR ^iUt 



lUNATE 



A9T1CUU" 



CARTILAC- 



iOlNt CAVITY 



FC'/fA 



rttAP UG/v-WENT 



'- ACeTAfiULAR 



FAI PAD 



KANj/iSSE UG 

 OF ACflABUtUM 



(NOTE. ARTERY OF 

 HEAD IIO- MAY it 

 DERIVED FROM MED. 

 FEM CIRCUMFLEX) 



Fig. 9.8. Two important types of joints in the human body. Top, hinge joints: 

 finger flexed as in striking typewriter, in clinging. Bottom left, ball and socket 

 joint: the hip joint in which the head of the femur fits into a cup in the pelvic 

 girdle. Bottom right, a section through the hip joint showing the capsule and the 

 ligaments holding the head of the femur in place. The ligament that binds the 

 head of the femur in place is the strongest in the body and rarely is torn even 

 when the joint is dislocated. The section of the femur shows the smooth, very hard 

 compact bone (whitish band) and outside it except at the joints the thin perio- 

 stracum (black line) layer which is the growing zone of the bone. The network 

 of bony tissue called spongy bone because of the many holes is well developed 

 at the ends of long bones and its lines of strength here suggest the braces of a sus- 

 pension bridge. It contains the red marrow in which red blood cells and granular 

 leucocytes (white blood cells) originate. In life the center of the bone is occupied 

 by the fatty marrow, here a black space. (Hip joint drawings courtesy, Ciba Clini- 

 cal Symposia, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1953.) 



