Chap. 1 1 FOODS AND NUTRITION 173 



wolves, raccoons, and seals but the animals of this group have no monopoly 

 on the carnivorous diet. 



Omnivorous animals feed on both vegetable and animal matter, dead or 

 alive. They include such scavengers as lobsters, domestic fowls, and man. The 



O O O o 

 o o O O o o „ 

 O O O O n o 



O O o o o ° 



Rice grain in husk 



Showing germ 

 B 



Polished rice 



Fig. 11.2. A, Pigeons: top, suffering from polyneuritis (beriberi) developed 

 as a result of a diet of polished rice, lacking thiamine (of the vitamin B complex); 

 bottom, the same bird after injection of thiamine resulting in a spectacular cure. 

 B, Diagrams of rice grain (seed), in natural condition, and polished rice, with 

 bran or husk and the germ removed as in the milling process. Thiamine is con- 

 fined almost entirely to the germ. Milled grains contain little or no thiamine. In its 

 absence an essential enzyme of the body fails to function and finally there is a 

 poisoning of the nervous system known as polyneuritis. (A, after Morse. Courtesy, 

 Heilbrunn: Outline of General Physiology, ed. 3. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders 

 Co., 1952.) 



