798 APPENDIX 



Class Diplopoda. Millipedes, thousand-legged worms. Land in damp 

 places. 



Class Arachnoidea. Spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks, horseshoe crabs. 

 Class Insecta. Probably the largest group of animals. Grasshoppers, ter- 

 mites, dragon flies, water-striders, lice, fleas, beetles, butterflies and moths 

 and others. 

 Phylum Mollusca. Mollusks. Fresh and salt water and land. 



Class Amphineura. Chitons, shell composed of 8 plates. Marine. 

 Class Gastropoda. Snails, slugs, abalones. Fresh and salt water, and land. 

 Class Pelecypoda. Clams, mussels, oysters, scallops. Fresh and salt water. 

 Class Cephalopoda. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses. Marine. 

 Phylum Echinodermata. All marine. 

 Class Asteroidea. Starfishes. 

 Class Ophiuroidea. Brittle stars. 

 Class Echinoidea. Sea urchins and sand dollars. 

 Class Holothuroidea. Sea cucumbers. 



Class Crinoidea. Sea lilies. Most of the group known only as fossils. 

 Phylum Chordata. Chordates, bilaterally symmetrical animals with a noto- 

 chord. Fresh and salt water and land. 



Subphylum Hemichorda. Acorn worms. During their development they re- 

 semble larvae of echinoderms. Marine. 

 Subphylum Urochorda. Sea squirts (tunicates). Marine. 

 Subphylum Cephalochorda. Amphioxus. Marine. 



Subphylum Vertebrata. Vertebrates. Those with a definite head, a well-de- 

 veloped brain and a chain of supporting bones, the vertebrae. 



Class Cyclostomata. Lampreys. Vertebrates without jaws or paired fins. 

 Class Chondrichthyses. Sharks, rays, skates and other fishes with car- 

 tilaginous skeletons. 



Class Osteichthys. Sturgeon, garpike, lung fish, herring, mackerel, and 

 other fishes with bony skeletons. 

 Class Amphibia. Amphibians. 



Order Urodela. Tailed amphibians, newts, salamanders. 

 Order Anura. Tailless amphibians, frogs, toads. 

 Order Apoda. Caecilians. Body wormshaped; no limbs. They live 

 in the tropics. 

 Class Reptilia. Reptiles. 



Order Rhynchocephalia. Primitive lizardlike reptile, only one liv- 

 - ing species, Sphenodon or tuatara of New Zealand. 

 Order Crocodilia. Crocodiles, alligators. 



Order Chelonia (or Testudinata). Turtles, tortoises, terrapins. 

 Order Squamata. Lizards and snakes. 

 Class Aves. Birds. The only animals that have feathers. 



Subclass Ratitae. Flightless birds. Ostrich, cassowary, emu, kiwi. 

 Subclass Carinatae. All can fly except the penguins and a few species 

 in various orders. Penguins, cormorants, swans, ducks, geese, tur- 



