AF21.1 ACCESSORY FIXATIVE FORMULAS 259 



21.1 Hennings 1900 see F 3560.0040 Hennings 1900 



21.1 Hopewell-Smith test. circ. 1938 Wellings Wellings circ. 1938, 42 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. 10% hydrochloric acid; B. nitric acid; C. sat. sol. lithium 



carbonate 

 method: [fixed teeth varnished with celloidon] ^ 100 A, 2 days ^ add 1.5 B, leave 



2 days — + add further 1.5 B, leave 2 days — > wash — » C, 20 mins. 

 note: Wellings {loc. cit.) states that Choquet recommends adding 1% palladium chlo- 

 ride to A. 



21.1 Jenkin 1926 11431,24:166 



formula: water 10, 95% ale. 73, acetic acid 3, hydrochloric acid, 4, chloroform 10 

 note: This is also a fixing and dehydrating agent. 



21.1 Katz test. 1895a Rawitz Rawitz 1895, 28 



formula: water 100, chromic acid 0.4, nitric acid 5 



21.1 Katz test. 1895b Rawitz Rawitz 1895, 28 



formula: water 100, chromic acid 0.4, nitric acid 10, palladium chloride 0.01 



21.1 Kingsbury and Johannsen 1927 Kingsbury and Johannsen 1927, 78 



formula: water 100, potassium alum 3.5, nitric acid 5 



21.1 Kristensen 1948 20540b, 23:151 



formula: water 82, formic acid 18, sodium formate 3.5 



21.1 Langeron 1942 Langeron 1942, 357 



. REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. water 45, 40% formaldehyde 5, formic acid 50; B. 4% formalde- 

 hyde 

 method: [formaldehyde-fixed objects]—* A, till decalcified—* B, thorough wash 



21.1 Marsh 1878 Marsh 1878, 67 



formula: water 100, chromic acid 1, nitric acid 0.75 



21.1 McNamara, Murphy, and Gore 1940 11284, 25:874 



formula: water 80, 95% ale. 10, trichloroacetic acid 6, nitric acid 1, 40% formaldehyde 

 8, mercuric chloride 2 



21.1 Ralston and Wells 1939 591b, 3:72 



formula: water 100, potassium dichromate 2, mercuric chloride 5, sodium sulfate 1, 



acetic acid 10 

 note: This is F 3700.0010 Zenker 1894 with the acetic acid content doubled. 



21.1 Richman, Gelfand, and Hill 1947 1887a, 44:92 



formula: water 100, nitric acid 8, formic acid 10 



method: The object is placed in a perforated porcelain capsule suspended in the liquid. 

 One platinum electrode is inserted in the object, the other in the free liquid. An EMF 

 of +6 volts is applied to the object. At 30°C. large objects arc completely decalcified 

 in 2-4 hrs. 



21.1 Rosbach and Leavitt 1952 Tech. Bull, 22:198 



formula: water 95, trifluoroacetic acid 5 



note: This is said to give complete decalcification of teeth in 5 or 6 days without loss of 

 cytological detail. 



21.1 Rousseau 1897 23632, 14:207 



formula: water 20, 96% ale. 80, nitric acid 20 

 note: It is recommended that the object be embedded in celloidin before decalcification. 



21.1 Schaffer 1903 23632,19:460 



reagents required: A. 3% nitric acid; B. b% sodium sulfate 



method: [fixed material, embedded in celloidin] —> waters A, till decalcified -^ wash 

 — * B, 24 hrs. -^ B, fresh solution, 24 hrs. — * wash. 



