306 METHODS AND FORMULAS DS 11. 27-DS 11.28 



PREPARATION OF A'. Criiul the rarmiiip wiili iliR acid. Wasli out iiiortar while srinrling; 



with 12 doses each of 10 water. Boil washings till reduced to 70. Cool. Filter. Dilute 



to 90. Add ale. 

 method: [sections] — * water -^ A, 2 hrs. -^ water, rinse —> B, till black, few minutes -^ 



B, fresh solution, till differentiated, >2~2 hrs. -^ C, thorough wash — > running water, 



15 mins. -^ balsam, via usual reagents 



11.27 Kingsbury and Johannsen 1927 Ivingsbury and Johannsen 1927, 44 



formula: water .30, 95% ale. 70, carmine 2, hydrochloric acid 3 

 preparation: Boil all ingredients under reflux. Cool. Filter. 



11.27 Langeron 1942 Langeron 1942, 517 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. watcr 2.5, 90% ale. 100, carmine 2.5, hydrochloric acid 2.5; B. 



0.5% hydrochloric acid in 80% ale. 

 PREPARATION OF A i Grind carmine, acid, and water to a paste. Leave 1 hour. Transfer to 



reflux flask with ale. Reflux on water bath till solution complete. 

 method: [whole objects]-^ 70% ale. — > A, till stained-^ B, till differentiated —> bal- 

 sam, via usual reagents 



11.27 Mayer 1881 14246,2:1 



formula: 95% ale. 90, water 15, carmine 4, hydrochloric acid 1, ammonia q.s. to give 



pH7 

 preparation: Heat water, carmine, and acid to 80°C. Add ale. and reflux 10 minutes. 



Adjust to pH 7 with ammonia. 

 note: In 1883 (14246, 4:521) Mayer directed that the carmine, acid, and water be 



boiled to complete solution, cooled, and the ale. added before neutralization. 



11.27 Mayer 1883 see DS 11.27 Mayer 1881 (note) 



11.27 Meyer 1885 2626, 10:363 



formula: 90% ale. 50, carmine 1.25, hydrochloric acid 5, chloral hydrate 60 

 preparation: Reflux the carmine with the acid and ale. for 30 minutes. Cool. Filter. 

 Add chloral hydrate. 



11.27 Schwarz 1934 23632, 50 :305 



preparation of dry stock: Boil 1 carmine and 4 ammonium alum in 150 water until 



reduced to 75. Filter. Evaporate filtrate to dryness. 

 WORKING solution: water 60, methanol 40, hydrochloric acid 0.2, dry stock 8 



11.28 OTHER CARMINE FORMULAS 



11.28 Arcangeli 1885 boric-carmine 16977, 4:233 

 formula: water 100, boric acid 4, carmine 0.5 

 preparation: BoU 10 minutes. Cool. Filter. 



11.28 Best 1906 potash-carmine see DS 22.5 Best 1906 



11.28 Cuccati 1886 soda-carmine 23632, 3 :50 



formula: water 90, 95% ale. 10, acetic acid 0.5, sodium carbonate 6.5, carmine 1.7, 



chloral hydrate 2 

 preparation: Boil the carmine with the carbonate in 35 water. Cool. Add the ale. to 



cooled solution. Leave overnight; filter, and bring filtrate to 100. Add the acid and 



chloral hydrate. 



11.28 Cuccati test. 1889 Friedlander soda-carmine Friedlander, 1889, 90 



formula: water 100, carmine 4, sodium carbonate 13, abs. ale. 7, acetic acid 1.5, chloral 



hydrate 2.5 

 preparation of dry stock: As Cuccati 1886, save that the final solution is evaporated 



to dryness. 

 preparation of working solution: 80% ale. 100, powder q.s. 



11.28 Francotte ciir. 1890 boric-carmine Francotte, 209 



formula: water 25, 95% ale. 75, boric acid 5, carmine 0.4 

 preparation: Boil under reflux 15 minutes. 



