DS 21.11 DYE STAINS OF SPECIAL APPLICATION 383 



21.11 Dawson 1926 20540b, 1:123 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. 1% potassiuiii hydroxide; B. water 100, potassium hydroxide 1, 



alizarin red S 0.01; C. P 13.1 Mall 1902 

 method: [ale. fixed embryos] —> A, till bones clearly visible-^ B, till bones red — > C, 



till impregnated -^ glycerol, via graded series 

 RECOMMENDED FOR: staining bones in whole mammalian embryos. 



21.11 Eros 1928 23681, 42:97 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. Water 100, acid fuchsin 1, potassium alum to sat.; B.Z% nitric 



acid in 95% ale. 

 method: [sections] -> water -> a, 10-15 mins. —> rinse —> Zi, till differentiated, 1-12 



hrs. — ♦ balsam, via usual reagents 

 recommended for: selective staining of once calcified areas in sections of decalcified 



material. 



21.11 Grandis and Magnini 1900 1852, 34:73 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. sat. alc. sol. purpurin; B. 0.5% sodium chloride 



method: [sections]-* 95% ale.-* A, 5-10 mins. -^ B, 3-5 mins. -* 70% ale, till no 



more color comes away -^ balsam, via usual reagents 

 recommended for: differential staining of decalcified bone. 



21.11 Gray 1929a 14706,9:341 



formula: sat. sol. sodium borate in 70% alc. 100, sat. sol. {circ. 0.5%) alizarin red S in 



abs. alc. 1 

 method: [material, fixed and stored in neutralized formaldehyde] -^ running water, 

 24 hrs. — > 70% alc, till saturated —> stain, till calcified structures clearly differen- 

 tiated, 32 to 12 hrs. -^ graded ales., each saturated with sodium borate — * benzene — > 

 neutral mountant 

 recommended for: bony skeletons in wholemounts of material too delicate for Gray 

 1929b. 



21.11 Gray 1929b 14706, 9:341 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. ADS 12.2 Lugol (1905) 10, 95% alc. 90; B. 5% potassium 

 hydroxide 100, potassium hydroxide 50, 1% ammonium hydroxide 50 



method: [freshly killed material] — » A, 24 hrs. at least, in dark — > 95% alc, 24 hrs., in 

 dark -^ B, 24 hrs. -^ C, changed as frequently as it becomes colored, till red bones 

 distinctly visible through yellowish translucent muscle (roughly dissected fish verte- 

 bra, 24 hrs. ; whole frog 3 to 4 months) -^ C, till muscle pure white, 6 hrs. to 1 month 

 -^ glycerol mixtures when shrinkage must be avoided 



result: as gray 1929a. 



note: Omission of step A is invariably fatal. A detailed description of a preparation by 

 this method is given under DS 21.10 above.j 



21.11 Grieves test. circ. 1938 Wellings Wellings circ. 1938, 160 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. water 99, DS 23.213 Carpano 1916 1; B. acetone 

 method: [ground section of balsam embedded (see Chapter 10) formaldehyde fixed 



tooth]-* 20% alc, 15 mins. — >A, 12-24 hrs. —> rinse —» JS, till differentiated-* 



dammar, via oil of bergamot 

 RECOMMENDED FOR: structure of dentine. 



21.11 Hanazava 1917 7141, 59:125 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: water 10, DS 11.43 Ziehl 1882 10 



method: [ground sections of teeth]—* water—* stain, 10 mins. — * 95% alc. till differ- 

 entiated — * balsam, via usual reagents 

 RECOMMENDED FOR: dentine. 



21.11 Juge 1940 19288, 47:65 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. water 30, 95% alc. 70, acetic acid 0.06, methyl green 3; B. abs. 



alc. 100, acetic acid 0.2, alizarin red S 0.003 

 method: [formaldehyde-fixed pieces] — > 70% alc, 1 day-* A, 1-3 hrs. — * 70% alc, till 

 cartilage alone stained -* abs. alc, till dehydrated — * B, 12-24 hrs. — ♦ abs. alc, till 

 no more color comes away -^ balsam, via usual reagents 

 RECOMMENDED FOR: differential staining of bone (red) and cartilage (green) in whole- 

 mounts. 



