DS 21.211-DS 21.212 DYE STAINS OF SPECIAL APPLICATION 403 



21.211 Feyrter 1936 22575, 296:015 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. walop 100, tartaric acid 0.5, thionin 1.0 



method: [frozen sections of formaldehyde material] — > .1, 5 mius. — ♦ [add coverslipj -> 



cement with V 12.2 Noyer 1918 

 recommended for: myelin sheaths. 



21.211 Harris 1898 16185a, 1:897 



reagents required: A. b% potassium dichroinatc; B. water 100, sodium })orate 1, 



toluidinc blue 1; C. sat. sol. {circ. 75%) tannic; acid 

 method: a, till white matter dark brown -^ [15 m sections] — » wash — > B, 1-2 hrs. — » 

 rinse — > C, till differentiated -^ balsam, via usual reagents 



21.211 Heller, Thomas, and Davenport 1947 205101), 22:111 



re.\ge\ts required: A. water 90, M/15 phosphate buffer ])1I 5.0 5, M/2 sodium lactate 



5, sodium chloride 0.6, sodium acetate 0.03, dextrose 0.2, methylene blue 0.01; B. 



water 100, ammonium molybdate 8, potassium dichromate 1 

 method: [thin, fresh tissues from pentobarbital-killed mammal] -^ A, 37.5°C. with pure 



oxygen bubbled through solution, till nerves stained, 2-4 hrs. — > B, 1 or more days, 



— ♦ balsam, via usual reg-gents [or paraffin sections] 



21.211 Landau 1934 4285a, 11 :44 



reagents required: A. abs. ale. 50, chloroform 50; B. 1% toluidine blue; C. 1% 



toluidine blue in creosote; D. 1% toluidine blue in chloroform 

 method: [pieces of formaldehyde-fixed material] —>■ wash — > drain — > A, via graded ales. 



— > 5, 2 days -^ drain and blot -^ C, 2 days — > drain and blot — > chloroform — > 



[paraffin sections] 

 recommended for: general neurology. 



21.211 Nissl test. 1896 Kahlden and Laurent Kahlden and Laurent 1896, 155 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. 0.5% methylene blue; B. 10% aniline in 90% ale. 

 method: [sections] -^ a, on slide, heated to steaming —> ale, quick rinse ^ B, till 

 differentiated —* balsam, via clove oil 



21.211 Schabadasch 1936 4285a, 13:137 



formula: water 100, sodium chloride 0.8, sodium pyruvate 0.032, magnesium bromide 



0.15, glucose 0.2, methylene blue 0.025 

 method: perfuse freshly killed animal 

 RECOMMENDED FOR: ucrve endings in fresh tissue. 



21.212 Hematoxylm methods 



The literature of the hematoxylin staining techniques for nerve cells and their processes is 

 almost as confused as the Uterature of the metal-staining techniques for the same purpose. 

 The method is customarily and loosely referred to Weigert, who pubUshed several of the 

 techniques and formulas involved, and who is also responsible for the original mordant used. 

 His name is often coupled with that of Pal, though the latter contributed to the literature 

 only a method of differentiation, and not of staining. What has rendered the situation so ob- 

 scure, however, is the habit of authors of referring to any of these hematoxylin techniques as 

 " Weigert-Pal methods," irrespective of the author to wliom they are assigned. Thus Gatenby 

 and Cowdry 1937, say casually that the techniciue of Wolters 1890 is to be considered "the 

 standard Weigert-Pal technique," even though it differs very appreciably from any of the 

 methods recommended either by Wcigort or Pal. At least, however, Gatenby and Cowdry 

 have given their reference, but the majority of authors in this field use and recommend the 

 most diverse techniques under the name of "Weigert-Pal." If an author says only that he 

 stained a nervous structure by a "Weigert-Pal" technique, it is safe only to assume that he 

 utilized some hematoxylin stain, which was subsequently differentiated by some method 

 involving a bleaching reagent. It is not quite as safe an assumption, but still very probable, 

 that some form of mordant was used before staining. It will have been understood from what 

 has been said that these techniques involve in general a mordant, usually chromic acid, or 

 chromium fluoride, followed by a hematoxylin stain, which is subsequently differentiated 

 either by another mordant (Meyer 1909) or by a bleach, usually the potassium permanganate 

 sodium sulfite mixture of Pal 1887. These methods tend to make sections brittle, but Miller 



