432 



METHODS AND FORMULAS 



DS 21.423-DS 22 



21.423 Papanicolaou 1942 19938,95:438 



REAGENTS required: .4. DS 11.123 Ehrlich 1886; B. 0.5% hydrochloric acid; C. 95% 

 ale. 100, orange G 0.5, phosphotungstic acid 0.015; D. either 95% ale. 100, light green 

 SF 0.225, Bismarck brown 0.05, eosin Y 0.225, phosphotungstic acid 0.2, lithium 

 carbonate 0.0005 or 95% ale. 100, light green SF 0.22, Bismarck brown 0.06, eosin Y 

 0.22, phosphotungstic acid 0.17, lithium carbonate 0.0005 



method: [ether-alcohol-fixed vaginal smears] — > water, via graded ales. —* A, 5-10 mins. 

 -^ B, till differentiated —>■ "blue" — > 95%, ale., via graded ales. -* C, 1 min. -^95% 

 ale, rinse — > D, 2 mins. -^95% ale., rinse -^ balsam, via usual reagents 



recommended for: vaginal smears. 



NOTE : The two alternatives under D above were named respectively E A 36 and EA 25 by 

 their inventor. 



21.423 Pfaff and Williams 1942 20540b, 17:165 



STOCK solutions: I. water 100, acetic acid 2.5, benzedine 0.5, II. 0.5% sodium nitro- 

 ferricyanide 



REAGENTS REQUIRED: A. stock I 20, stock II 20, water 60; B. water 100, hydrogen per- 

 oxide (30%) 0.2 



method: [pieces of formaldehyde-fixed material] ^ A, 30-45 mins., 37°C. — » wash, 

 37°C. several mins. -^ B, 30 mins., 37°C. -^ wash, 37°C. -^ balsam, via usual reagents 



recommended for: demonstration of blood vessels in wholemounts. 



21.423 Schleicher 1942 20540b, 17:161 



reagents required: A. methanol 100, DS 13.12 Wright 1910 (dry powder) 0.17; B. 



water 100, methanol 5, acetone 0.5 

 method: [air-dried smear of mixed plasma and myeloid-erythroid layer produced by 



centrifugation of heparinized bone marrow] -* 0.5 ml. A, on smear, 2 mins. — ♦ add 



2 ml. water, 5-10 mins. -^ B, 1-5 sees. -^ rinse -^ drj' 

 recommended for: cells of bone marrow. 



21.423 Wright 1910 11373,21:263 



reagents required: A. DS 13.12 Wright 1910 {A sol.) 75, 0.2% eosin Y in methanol 

 method: [sections of mercuric-fixed marrow] -^ stain, 10 mins. -^ wash —>• resin in 



turpentine, via acetone and turpentine 

 recommended for: demonstration of megakaryocytes in sections of bone marrow. 

 note: Downey 1913 (8545, 15:25) specifies fixation in his F 3000.1000 solution. 



21.423 Zimmerman 1925 7962, 24:281 



reagents required: A. any DS 11.122 formula; B. 1% hydrochloric acid in 70% ale.; 

 C. DS 22.7 Mayer 1896a (working sol.) ; D. sat. sol. aurantia in 50% ale. 



method: [sections]^ water—* A, till deeply stained—* B, till connective tissues des- 

 tined — > wash — >■ C, 24 hrs. -^ wash —* D, till deeply stained -* 50% ale. tUl differ- 

 entiated — > balsam, via usual reagents 



result: superficial epithelium, red; parietal cells, red; chief cells, gray blue; other 

 tissues, yellow. 



recommended for: differentiation of cell types in stomach. 



22 DYE STAINS FOR CYTOLOGICAL ELEMENTS 



It has been very difficult to determine 

 which techniques should lie in the present 

 section and which should have been re- 

 ferred to section DS 23.1. The term cell 

 inclusion is all embracing and might be 

 held to cover the result of almost any 

 technique which has been used to demon- 

 strate the existence of a small particle, the 

 nature of which has never been disclosed 

 or the existence of which has subsequently 

 been doubted. As the term is employed 

 here, the nature of the research for which 



the technique was designed, rather than 

 the results obtained, has been used as a 

 guide. It is, therefore, very possible that 

 many, if not all, of the techniques designed 

 to show cell inclusions w'ould show these 

 same cell inclusions if the techniques given 

 under DS 23.1 below were to be substi- 

 tuted for them. 



In the division of cyiological elements 

 there has been followed, in general, the 

 usual classification. The first class, con- 

 taining nuclear techniques, is quite self 



