KILLING 11 



water in which they are contained, and the whole covered with a 

 bell-glass. As soon as they have become insensible they are killed 

 by means of hot sublimate or chromic acid solution plentifully 

 poured on to them. (Korotneff, Mitth. Zool. Stat. Neapel, v, 

 1884, p. 233.) 



Liquid chloroform is employed by squirting it in small quantities 

 on to the surface of the water containing the animals. A syringe 

 or pipette having a very small orifice, so as thoroughly to atomise 

 the chloroform, should be employed. Small quantities only 

 should be projected at a time, and the dose should be repeated 

 every five minutes until the animals are anaesthetised. 



Lee has seen large Medusae very completely anaesthetised in 

 extension in an hour or two by this method, Andres finds 

 that it does not succeed with Actiniae, as with them maceration 

 of the tissues supervenes before anaesthesia is established. 



Preyer {Mitth. Zool. Stat. Neapel, Bd. vii, 1886, p. 27) recom- 

 mends chloroform water for star-fishes. 



Waddington employs a mixture of equal parts of 1 per cent, 

 sol. of cocaine (or eucain) and saturated sol. of chloroform in 

 water (sea or fresh), according to the habitat. 



17. Ether and Alcohol may be administered in the same way. 

 Andres has obtained good results with Actiniae by the use of a 

 mixture (invented by Salvatore lo Bianco) containing 20 

 parts of glycerin, 40 parts of 70 per cent, alcohol, and 40 parts 

 of sea water. This mixture should be carefully poured on to 

 the surface of the water containing the animals, and allowed to 

 diffuse quietly through it. Several hours are sometimes necessary 

 for this. 



EisiG {Fauna u. Flora Golf. Neapel, xvi, 1887, p. 239) benumbs 

 Capitellidae by putting them into a mixture of 1 part of 70 per 

 cent, alcohol with 9 parts of sea water. 



Oestergren {Zeit. wiss. Mik., xix, 1903, p. 300) makes a 

 saturated (7 to 8 per cent.) solution of ether in sea or soft water 

 and uses it either concentrated or diluted to about 1 per cent., 

 and finds that it succeeds with all classes of aquatic animals. 



CoRi {Zeit. wiss. Mik., vi, 1890, p. 438) recommends a mixture 

 composed of 10 c.c. methyl-alcohol (of 96 per cent, strength), 

 90 c.c. water (fresh or sea water), and 0-6 grm. of sodium chloride 

 (to be added only when fresh water is taken, the addition of the 

 salt having for its object to prevent maceration). It may be well 

 to add to this mixture a very few drops of chloroform (for Crista- 

 tella ; Zeit. iciss. Zool., Iv, 1893, p. 626). 



18. Chloreton (Aceton Chloroform) is recommended for inverte- 

 brates and larvae of Rana by Randolph {Zool. Anz., xxiii, 1900, 

 p. 436). Krecker {Zeit. wiss. Zool., xcv, 1910, p. 383) takes 

 solutions of ^ to 1 per cent, for Oligochaeta. Sulima {Zeit. Biol. 

 Techn., Strasburg, i, 1909, p. 379) takes a mixture of 99 parts of 



