^* PARAFFIN METHOD 



and reveals faithfully the outlines of the specimen. A small are 

 lamp IS recommended. 



The method of Patten {Zeit. iviss. Mik., xi, 1894, p 13) is useful 

 when one desires to orient large numbers of small obS'ets You 5et 

 some writmg paper of the sort that is made with two sets of raided 

 l^^l'k ''V T"""^^ ^* "S^* ^^^^^« *« ^^-h othlr r 1 nen eloth 

 t'kfm small ronfoT' "'" T ''T *^^^' ^"^ ^* ^^^^^le intervals along 

 conSstTev of X.f if "''^*"'" °^ "°"°^^«^ ^^^ ^^^^^ °'I' of about thS 

 X th!t^ of thick honey, are arranged close together along one of the 

 r bs that run lengthwise. The objects to be imbedded are cleared in 



fk^lfe ^^nVafter'tr"'*- ^^% T *^^^^ °"^ ^^ onton the p JS't o"f 



each to a dron of tl ^T^" °^ ^-^ ^^' ^""" ^^^^ ^l^' ^^^ transferred 

 eacn to a drop of the collodion mixture, in which they will stay in anv 



required position. When half a dozen or more objects have been 

 sTtfonVlanTsfthr *^"- --«. «"- (^hieh are to bi^pLa^lleUo' he 

 ont th.? ^ M lY^ *^'"^ '" P^^^^d in turpentine. This washes 

 out the clove oil and fixes the objects very firmly to the paper The 

 paper with the attached objects is now passed through Sfbath of 

 paraffin and imbedded in the usual way. "^After coolin'^g on water the 

 block IS trimmed and the paper peeled off, leaving the^bkets in the 

 paraffin close to the under-surface of the block. Thfs surface is now seen 

 to be marked by the orienting lines of the ribbed paper, and also b^ anv 



.r^Z''^'''' ^'^uVl-- ^^^''^''•' ''^'^' 1^00' P- ^07) takes smooth paper and 

 tmpcntLr '''' '' ^'*^ ^ "'''^^^' ^"*^ *^k^^ ^y'^' "tead of 



A somewhat more complicated form of this process has been described 

 by WooDwoRTH, Bull. Mzis. Comp. Zool., xxxviii, vol. xxv, 1893 p 45 



A similar process has also b.een described by Field and Martin in 



o/pape?" '''^' ^' "' """ '*"P' °'^^'"*'" ^^^"^ used?nsteaS 



Mayer also (Gr»«(/s*V^^, Lee and Mayer, 1910, p. 89) takes strips of 

 photographic gelatin, and lets the collodion set in benzol ^ 



Hoffmann {Zeit. zviss. Mik., xv, 1899, p. 312, and xvii, 1901, p 443) 

 takes instead of the ribbed paper, glass slips ruled with a diamon^d and 

 completely imbeds the objects in large drops of clove oil coUodion 

 (equal parts), allowed to stand for twenty-four hours in an open ves el 

 The drops are caused to set in xylol. See also Samter, ibid., ^iii 1897 



£iftlL.!r8rp. m! ^^^' ''''' p- '' •' ^^^ ^^^^«' ^'-'- ^-' ^- : 



Entz (Arch. Protistenk., xv, 1909, p. 98) orients in clove oil collodion 

 n \'^^r:f '^^ .coated with paraffin, and puts the whole into chloroform . 

 in which the mixture sets into a sheet which can be detached. 



hcMTtThI W?- ^^f^^'■^•'i"' 1902, p. 888) imbeds on disks of paper 

 held at the bottom of glass tubes containing the paraffin by bent wires, 

 by means of which a cylinder of paraffin containing the object may be 

 lifted out as soon as cool. '' ^ 



uT^^t^'L^^''^ Jt'm MjX-., xvii, 1900, p. 169) makes orientation lines 

 by imbedding alongside the objects strands of osmium-blackened nerve- 

 hbres. bee also a further development by Wilson, ibid., xxvii 1910 



pp. 228 and 231 



163. Coohng the Mass. Whatever method of imbedding and 

 orientation in the molten paraffin has been employed the 

 important point now to be attended to is that the paraffin be 



