INVERTEBRATES 609 



tube is filled again with 1 per cent, saline, in which the worms 

 are shaken vigorously, and an equal quantity of HgCla solution 

 is added quickly, the vigorous shaking being continued for several 

 minutes thereafter. This treatment should kill the llukcs in an 

 extended condition. Leave in the fixer as indicated (corrosive 

 one or two days, wash in water twelve hours if 10 per cent, formalin 

 be substituted for the HgCl, ; leave about same time and store 

 in 3 per cent, formalin). 



Fischer {Zeit. vciss. ZooL, 1884, p. 1). — Ojnsthotrema cochleare 

 may be mounted entire in balsam. For sectioning, he recommends 

 a mass made by dissolving 15 parts of soap in 17-5 parts of 96 per 

 cent, alcohol. The sections should be studied in glycerin. 



Lo Bianco fixes Trematodes with hot saturated sublimate. 



Looss {Arch. mik. Anat., 1895, p. 7) takes for Bilharzia warm 

 (50° to 60° C.) 1 per cent, sublimate in 70 per cent, alcohol. 



Bettexdorf {Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Morph., x, 1897, p. 308) has 

 had good results with the rapid Golgi method only on Distoma 

 hepaticum, and prefers methylen blue. 



Ha VET {La Cellule, xvii, 1900, p. 353) has also had results with 

 the Golgi method on this form, and also with thionin (after fixing 

 with sublimate), which demonstrates tigroid substance. 



Cercarice. Schwarze {Zeit. wiss. Zool., xliii, 1886, p. 45) 

 found that the only fixing agent that would preserve the histo- 

 logical detail of these forms was cold saturated sublimate solution 

 warmed to 35° to 40° C. 



For an " indifferent " liquid, Hofmann {Zool. Jahrb., xii, 1899, 

 p. 176) takes 1 part of white of egg in 9 of normal salt solution. 



1210. Turbellaria. Braun {Zeit. wiss. Mik., iii, 1886, p. 398) 

 gets entire animals (Rhabdocoela) on to a slide, lightly flattens 

 out with a cover, and kills by running in a mixture of 3 parts of 

 liquid of Lang with 1 of 1 per cent, osmic acid solution. (Boiimig 

 \ibid.^, commenting on this, says that for some of the tissues, such 

 as muscle and body parenchyma, nitric acid and picro-sulphuric 

 acid are very usefid.) Sections may be made by the paraffin 

 method. 



Delage {Arch, de Zool. exp., iv, 2, 1886) recommends fixation (of 

 Rhabdoca?la Accela) by an osmium-carmine mixture, for wliicli see loc 

 cit., or by concentrated solution of sulpliate of iron. Liquid of Lang was 

 not successful. 



For staining, lie recommends eitlier tfie osmium-carmine or impregna- 

 tion with gold {\ formic acid, two minutes ; 1 per cent, gold chloride, 

 ten minutes ; 2 per cent, formic acid, two or three days in tlie dark). 



BoHMiG {Zeit. iviss. Mik., iii, 1886, p. 239) has obtained instructive 

 images with Plagiostomidae fixed with sublimate and stained with the 

 osmium-carmine. 



Graff {Turbellaria Acoela, Leipzig, 1891 ; Zeit. wiss. Mik., ix, 

 1892, p. 76) says that chromo-aceto-osmic acid, followed by 

 ha?matoxylin, is good for the skin, but not for the Rhabdites, 



VADE-MECUM. 20 



