446 MUSCLE NERVE-ENDINGS 



of alcohol with 1 of formic acid, washes well and stains in alum 

 carmine. Muscle red, connective tissue unstained. 



952. General Structure. Werner (Hist. d. glatten Musculatur, 

 Dorpat, 1894, p. 22) fixes stretched intestine or bladder in 

 Flemming, washes well and stains in Heidenhain's chrome hsema- 

 toxylin, § 305. For demonstrating intercellular spaces, fresh 

 intestine is put for twenty-four hours into oil, at 37° C, then for 

 twelve hours into Flemming, and for four to six into chromo- 

 acetic acid. 



953. Isolation of Fibres. Gage's methods, see §§ 578, 560. 

 MoBius, muscle at Cardium, see § 569. 



Ballowitz, muscle of Cephalopoda, see Arch. mik. Anal., 

 xxxix, 1892, p. 291. 



ScHULTz [Arch. Anat. Phys., Phys. Ahtli., 1895-6, p. 521) puts 

 muscle of Vertebrates for twenty-four hours into 10 per cent, 

 nitric acid, rinses with water, and brings pieces for six to eight 

 days (in the dark at first) into a mixture of equal parts of 2^0 

 per cent, osmic acid and ^ per cent, acetic acid, teases and mounts 

 in glycerin. 



For smooth muscle of Vermes, see Apathy, Zeit. f. wiss. Mik., 

 X, 1893, pp. 36, 319, and § 572, ante. 



954. Iris. Dogiel (Arch. mik. Anat., 1886, p. 403) puts the 

 anterior half of an enucleated eye for some days into a mixture 

 of 2 parts of one-third alcohol and 1 part 0-5 per cent, acetic 

 acid. The iris can then be isolated, and split from the edge 

 into an interior and posterior plate, and these stained according 

 to the usual methods. 



See also Koganei, Arch. mik. Anat., 1885, p. 1 ; Canfield, 

 ibid., 1886, p. 121 ; and Dostoiewsky, ibid., p. 91. 



955. Bladder of Frog, Innervation of (Wolff, Arch. f. mik. 

 Anat., 1881, p. 362). A frog is killed and a solution of gold 

 chloride of 1 : 20,000 injected into the bladder through the 

 anus. (If the injection flows out on removal of the syringe, tie 

 the frog's thighs together.) Now open the frog, ligature the 

 intestine above the bladder, and cut away the abdomen so as 

 to have in one piece bladder, rectum and hind legs. Put this 

 into gold solution of 1 : 2000 for four hours ; the bladder is 

 then excised, slit open and pinned (with hedgehog spines) on to 

 a cork (outside downwards). Place it under running water until 

 all the epithelium is washed away. Use a camel's-hair brush if 

 necessary. Put for twenty-four hours into gold solution of 

 1 : 6000. Wash in pure water, and put away in the dark " for 

 some time " in acidulated water, and finally reduce in fresh 

 water in daylight. 



Ranvier {Traite. p. 854) recommends his two gold processes, 

 the liquids being injected as above. 



Grunstein (Arch. mik. Anat., 1899, p. 1) injects 1 per cent. 



