CONNECTIVE AND ELASTIC TISSUES 449 



chrome methylen blue. They arc then washed with water, 

 mopped up, and brought for fifteen minutes into a neutral 1 

 per Qent. solution of orcein in absolute alcohol, rinsed in pure 

 alcohol, cleared in bergamot oil, and mounted. Collagenous 

 ground-substance dark red, muscle bluish, elastic fibres some- 

 times dark red. Material may be fixed in almost any way except 

 with nitric or picric acid, formol, or liquids of Midler and Hermann. 



958. Unna's Methylen blue + Saurefuchsin (Unna, in Enzyk. 

 mik. Technik., 1910, p. 247). Stain for two to five minutes in 

 polychrome methylen blue solution (Griibler). Wash and stain 

 for ten to fifteen minutes in " (0-5 per cent.) Saurefuchsin + (33 

 per cent.) tannin-mixture (Griibler)," Water, alcohol, essence, 

 balsam. Collagen, protoplasm, and muscle red, nuclei and 

 keratin blue. On Plemming material, elastin blue. Liquids of 

 Hermann and Erlicki, formol and copper fixatives incompatible. 



959. Unna's Safranin + Wasserblau {ibid.). Ten minutes in 

 1 per cent, safranin. Wash. Ten to fifteen minutes in " (1 per 

 cent.) Wasserblau + (33 per cent.) tannin mixture." Wash. 

 Stains in opposite colours to the last. Formol and liquid of 

 Hermann contra-indicated for fixing. 



960. Flemming's Orange Method is said to give a very sharp 

 differentiation of developing fibrils. 



961. Mallory (Zeit. wiss. Mik., xviii, 1901, p. 175) stains sections 

 of sublimate or Zenker material for a few minutes in Saurefuchsin of 

 0-1 per cent, mordants for a few minutes in 1 per cent, phosphomolybdic 

 acid and stains for two to twenty minutes in anilin blue 0-5 grm., 

 Orange G 2, oxalic acid 2, and water 100. His phosphotungstic 

 haematoxylin stains connective tissue sharply, but does not differentiate 

 it sufficiently from elastic tissue and muscle. 



962. For the complicated procedure of Hornowski see ibid., xxvi, 

 1909, p. 138. 



963. For Delamare's mixture or orcein, haematoxylin, Saurefuchsin 

 and picric acid see Verb. Anat. Ges., xix, 1905, p. 227. 



964. Masson (C. R. Soc. Biol., Ixx, 1911, p. 573), stains first in 

 haemalum, then in eosin, and then for a few minutes in 1 per cent, solu- 

 tion of saffron in tap-water (made by boiling). Connective tissue, bone, 

 and cartilage, yellow. 



965. Benecke's stain for fibrils {Verh. Anat. Ges., vii, 1893, 

 p. 165) is essentially that of Kromayer, § 930. 



966. Bielschowsky's Silver Method (post, under " Neuro- 

 fibrils ") has been used for connective-tissue fibrils, Snessarew 

 {Anat. .'inz., xxxvi, 1910, p, 401) employs it as follows : Tissue 

 is hardened in neutral formol and sectioned with a freezing 

 microtome. The sections are put for at least four days into 

 iron alum of 2-5 to 10 per cent., changed daily. They are 

 then silvered for thirty-six to forty-eight hours in nitrate of 

 silver of 10 per cent., then treated with the oxide bath and 

 reduced in formol of 20 per cent. Collagen fibres grey, but fine 



VADE-MECUM. 15 



