CHEMICAL MICKOSCOPY 



making chemical tests more definite. The 

 science of microcrystal tests is ah-eady useful 

 now, especially in the drug field as well as 

 in inorganic chemistry, but it needs to be 

 fully integrated with analytical chemistry, 

 and extended over all organic compounds 

 that can give characteristic, identifying 

 crystals in chemical reactions. 



REFERENCES 



1. Stephenson, Charles H., "Some Micro- 



chemical Tests for Alkaloids; including 

 Chemical Tests of the Alkaloids Used," by 

 C. E. Parker, Philadelphia and London, J. 

 B. Lippincott Co., 1921. 



2. Kley, p. D. C. (a) Behrens-Kley, "Mikro- 



chemische Analyse," 1st part, (as 4th ed. of 

 "Anleitung zur Mikrochemischen Analyse," 

 by H. Behrens), Leipzig, Leopold Voss, 

 1921. (Inorganic), (b) Behrens-Kley, "Or- 

 ganische Mikrochemische Analyse" (as 2nd 

 ed. of "Anleitung zur Mikrochemischen 

 Analyse der Wichtigsten Organischen Ver- 

 bindungen," by H. Behrens), Leipzig, Leo- 

 pold Voss, 1922. 



3. Amelink, F., "Schema zur mikrochemischen 



Identifikation von Alkaloiden; ubersetzt 

 von Marga Laur." (In German). Amster- 

 dam, N.V.D.B. Centen's Uitgevers Maat- 

 schapij, 1934. 



4. Geilman, W., "Bilder zur qualitativen Mikro- 



analyse anorganischer Stoffe," Leipzig, 

 Leopold Voss, 1934. Republished by Author- 

 ity of the Alien Property Custodian, by J. 

 W. Edwards, lithoprinted by Edwards 

 Brothers, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1944. 



5. Rosenthaler, L., "To.xikologische Mikro- 



chemie," Berlin, Gebriider Borntraeger, 

 1935. Republished by Authority of the Alien 

 Property Custodian, by J. W. Edwards, 

 lithoprinted by Edwards Brothers, Ann 

 Arbor, Michigan, 1946. 



6. Wagenaar, M., a series of articles on micro- 



chemical tests for particular alkaloids and 

 related substances, (in Dutch), Pharma- 

 ceutisch Weekblad voor Nederland, 64-67 

 (1927-30); 70 (1933); 72-73 (1935-36). 



7. Herzog, Alois, "Mikroskopische Bilder fiir 



den Chemiker," Zeiss Nachrichten, 2 Folge, 

 Heft 5, 149-81 (1938), and Heft 6, 183-215. 

 (English summary at end of the volume.) 



8. Whitmore, W. p., and Wood, C. A., "Chemi- 



cal Microscopy of Some Toxicologically Im- 

 portant Alkaloids," Mikrochemie , 27, 249- 

 334 (1939); "Scheme for the Microchemical 



Separation of Some Toxicologically Impor- 

 tant Alkaloids," Mikrochemie, 28, 1-13 

 (1940). (Both in English.) 

 9. Chamot, Emile Monnin, and Mason, Clyde 

 Walter, "Handbook of Chemical Micros- 

 copy, Volume II. Chemical Methods and 

 Inorganic Qualitative Analysis," New York, 

 John Wiley & Sons, 1940. 



10. DucLOux, Enrique Herrero, "Notas Micro- 



quimicas sobre 'Doping'," Buenos Aires, 

 Peuser Lda., 1943. 



11. Fulton, Charles C. (1) Reagents: "The Pre- 



cipitating Agents for Alkaloids," Ain. J. 

 Pharmacy (April, 1931); "New Precipitating 

 Agents for Alkaloids and Amines," Am. J. 

 Pharm., (Feb. & Apr., 1940); "The Relation 

 of Alkaloidal Chemistry to Inorganic, and 

 the Use of Bromauric Acid as a Reagent for 

 Inorganic Microcrystal Tests," J. Am. 

 Pharm. Assn., Scientific Edition, 31, 177 

 (1942). (2) Classification by aqueous pre- 

 cipitation: "Alkaloids and Their Reagents," 

 Am. J. Pharm. (May, 1939); for earlier, see 

 /. Association Official Agricultural Chemists, 

 13, 491 (1930) . (3) Particular substances and 

 development of new-type reagents: Atro- 

 pine, ihid., 12, 312 (1929); Cocaine and Pro- 

 caine, Ajn. J. Pharm. (July & Aug., 1933); 

 Heroin (with G. D. Williams), A7n. J. 

 Pharm. (Sept., 1933); Morphine, /. Lab. 

 Clinical Medicine (March, 1938) ; Cinchona 

 alkaloids, Ind. Eng. Chem., Anal. Edition, 

 13, 848 (1941) ; Morphine, Heroin, Dilaudid, 

 Cocaine, in American Journal of Police 

 Science, incorporated in Journal of Criminal 

 Law and Criminology, 32, 358-65 (1941) ; 

 Methadone, Narceine, Thebaine, in United 

 Nations document (mimeograph) E/CN.7/ 

 117, 14 April 1948, (also includes photomi- 

 crographs of the natural narcotine crystals 

 of opium— see "Origin of Opium"), and 

 Codeine in Add. 1 to this document, 22 

 Sept. 1948; Colchicine, Jour. AOAC, 41, 756 

 (1958). 



12. Hartshorne, N. H., and Stuart, A., "Crys- 



tals and the Polarizing Microscope," London, 

 Edward A. Arnold & Co., (1943), 2nd ed. 

 1950. (Optical Crystallography.) 



13. Farmilo, Charles G., Levi, Leo; Oestrei- 



CHER, P. M. L.; AND Ross, R. G. "Micro- 

 crystal and Colour Tests for the New Syn- 

 thetic Narcotics," Bulletin on Narcotics, 4, 

 No. 4, 16-42 (1952). 



14. Clarke, E. G. C, and Williams, Margaret, 



"Microidentification of the Opium Alka- 

 loids," Bulletin on Narcotics, 7, No. 3-4, 



36 



