Contenty 9 



CHAl'TER PAGE 



6. Pkoprkties and Activities of Living PkOTOPLASM . _ _ _ _ 73 

 Physical Propcrtieg of Protoplasm ___________ 73 



J hcorics R^:garding Physical Structure _________ 74 



CJoUoidal Systems _______________ 75 



Maltf;r, Atorn5, Molcrrulcs, and Elemrmts ________ 78 



Chemical Compx^sitiori of l*roUj\j]ixsrn __________ 84 



Glucidcs ^Including Carbohydrat/rs; _________ 86 



Lipids ''Including Fatsj _____________ 87 



Proteins _________________ 88 



Mineral Clnorganicj Salts ____________ 89 



Water __________________ 90 



Vitarnin-j ________ ________ 90 



Enzymes _________________ 91 



Metabolism, Autosynthesis, Autocatalysis _________ 92 



Growth, Assimilation, and Differentiation _________ 94 



Reproduction _________________ 96 



Adaptation and Irritability i_____________ 96 



^Organization and Individuality ____________ 97 



Rf i/eneration _________________ 98 



Living and Nonliving Things Contrasted ______ __ 99 



7. Living Plants and Animals Contrasted ________ 104 



PART 2 



PLANT BKJLOGY 



8. Slrvky op the Plant Kingdom ___________ 108 



Classification of Plants f Kingdom Plantae, ________ 109 



Number of Species of Plants (Kingdom Plantae; ______ 110 



Summary of Distinguishing Characteristics of Plants '^Kingdom Plantae; 111 



Subkingdorn 7'hallophyta _____________ 111 



General Characteristics of Thallophytes ________ 111 



General Characteristics of Algae __________112 



Phylum Cyanophyta _____________ 113 



Phylum Chlorophyta ____________ 114 



Phylum Chrysophyta ____________ 116 



Phylum Phaeophyta _^ __________ 116 



Phylum Rhodophyta _ ____________ 118 



General Characteristics of Fungi __________ 119 



Phylum Schizomycophyta _'"_ _ ____ _ _ __ 120 



Phylum Myxomycophyta ___________ 122 



Phylum Eumycophyta ____________ 124 



Subkingdorn Embryophyta _____________ 129 



General Characteristics of Embryophytes ________ 129 



Phylum Bryophyta _____________ 130 



Phylum Tracheophyta ____________ 133 



9. Simple Plants With Chlorophyll — Algae _______ 150 



General Characteristics of Thallophytes _________ 150 



General Characteristics of Algae ______ -_____151 



Blue-Green Algae (Phylum Cyanophyta) _________151 



Gleocapsa _________________ 152 



Oscillatoria ________________ 152 



Nostoc __________________154 



AnaVjena _________________ 155 



^(3W 



