Geographic Distribution of Animals and Plants 601 



Regions of Vegetation of North America (See Fig. 312) — Cont'd 



(c) Deciduous 

 forests 



(d) Rocky 



Mountain 

 forests 



(e) Pacific Coast 

 forests 



general characteristics 



From central New York to Texas 

 and Louisiana; from Wisconsin to 

 Oklahoma 



Along Rockies from southern Mexico 

 to Columbia (except coasts of Mex- 

 ico) 



These mountains present such varia- 

 tions in elevations and climates 

 that a great variety of trees exists 

 here 



No trees in altitudes higher than 

 10,000 feet, although there exist 

 low vegetation which resembles that 

 of the tundra 



plants typically 



PRESENT 



White oak; black oak 



Hickory trees 



Chestnut trees 



Walnut trees 



Maple trees 



Ash trees 



Birch trees 



Elm trees 



Certain cone-bearing 



trees as: 



Short-leaf pine 



White pine 



Hemlock 



Western yellow pine 

 Lodgepole pine 

 Douglas fir 

 Western hemlock 

 Western larch 



Extend along the western slopes of 

 the mountains from California to 

 Alaska 



( 1 ) Canadian-Alaska region 



(2) Washington-Oregon region (mild 

 winters and heavy rainfall; very 

 luxuriant vegetation) 



(3) California region 



rSitka spruce 

 -{ Douglas fir 

 IWestern hemlock 

 Sitka spruce 

 Douglas fir 

 Western hemlock 

 ^ Western white pine 

 Dense undergrowth of 

 ferns; shrubs; short, 

 deciduous birches, 

 I maples, and poplars 

 S Coast redwoods 

 ' Sequoia trees 



(f) Tropical 

 forests 



Found in West Indies, Central Amer 

 ica, coasts of Mexico, southern tip 

 of Florida 



Jungles present in many places, and 

 in certain regions they are so dense 

 overhead that limited light result? 

 in diminished vegetation around 

 the tall trees; upper parts of these 

 tall trees filled with masses of 

 ferns, mosses, lichens, tropical or- 

 rhids, and lianas 



Various palms 

 Tropical orchids 

 Lianas (woody, climb- 

 ing vines) 

 Mangrove swamps. 



