Appendix 821 



Capillary (kap'ileri) (L. capillus, hair), minute blood vessels whose walls are 

 one cell thick and which connect arteries and veins. 



Capillitium (cap il -esh' i um) (L. capillus, hair), delicate network in the spo- 

 rangia of slime molds (fungi). 



Carbohydrate (kar bo -hi' drat) (L. carho, carbon; Gr. hydro, water), substances 

 composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with the latter two usually 

 in the same ratio as in water (sugars, starch, etc.). 



Carcinoma (kar sin -o' mah) (karkinos, crab, cancer), a malignant growth, cancer. 



Cardiac (kar' di ak) (Gr. kardia, heart), pertaining to the heart. 



Carnivorous (kar -niv' o rus) (L. carnis, flesh; vorare, to devour), flesh eating. 



Carotene (kar' o teen) (Gr. karoton, carrot), a yellow-orange pigment of certain 

 higher plants. 



Carotinoid, carotene pigments. 



Carpal (kar' pal) (Gr. karpos, wrist), wristbone. 



Carpel (kar' pel) (Gr. karpos, fruit), a floral organ which bears and encloses the 

 ovules. 



Carpogonium (kar po -go' ni um) (Gr. karpos, fruit; gonos, offspring), female sex 

 structure of red algae. 



Cartilage (kar' ti -lazg) (L. cartilago, gristle), elastic, flexible connective tissue. 



Caste (kast) (L. castus, pure), a distinct type or form among a group of organ- 

 isms. 



Castration (kas -tra' shun) (L. castrate, to castrate), removal of gonads (sex 

 organs) from animals or plants. 



Catabolism (ka -tab' o lizm) (Gr. kata, down; holle, to throw), destructive phase 

 of metabolism. 



Cataclysmic theory (kat a -kliz' mik) (L. cataclysmos, to inundate), the early 

 theory that the stratification of the earth, the formation of mountains, etc., 

 were the result of a series of vast, violent disturbances which destroyed 

 all existing life, thus making necessary repeated, special creations to repopu- 

 late the earth. 



Catalysis (ka -tal' i sis) (Gr. kata, down; lysein, to loose), the initiation or ac- 

 celeration of a chemical process by the presence of a substance (catalyst) 

 which itself does not enter into the reaction. 



Cation (kat' ion) (Gr. kata, down; ion, going), a positively charged ion attracted 

 to the negative cathode during electrolysis (contrast with Anion). 



Caudal (ko' dal) (L. cauda, tail), pertaining to the tail. 



Cell (sel) (L. cella, small room), a small mass of protoplasm containing nuclear 

 materials and enclosed by an outer covering. 



Cell law, the law which states that all plants and animals are made of one or 

 more cells. 



Cell membrane, thin delicate membrane of a cell. 



Cell wall, outer protective covering of certain cells. 



Cellulose (sel' u losz) (L. cellula, little cell), an organic substance in plant cell 

 walls (a few animal cells such as the tunicates). 



Cenozoic era (sen o -zo' ik) (Gr. kenos, recent; life), the most recent geologic 

 era which is characterized by mammals, birds, modern insects, etc. 



Central nervous system, brain and spinal cord. 



