INDEX 



133 



Radiolaria (ra"di-6-la'ri-a) : description 

 of, 77, 79* ; fossil, 6 ; pseudopodia of, 

 76; sexual maturity, 114; yellow cells, 

 65 



Raphe (ra'fe) : defined, 63 



Rat-bite fever : cause, 26 



Red color of plants, 45 



Redi (ra'de), Francesco (1626P-1697), 

 Italian physiologist ; experiments of, 

 3 



Reed, Walter (1851-1902), American 

 physician, 29 



Relapsing fevers : cause, 26, 27, 28, 

 29* 



Repair and waste : sec Metabolism 



Reproduction : defined, 88 ; a funda- 

 mental activity, 9 



Reproduction among protophyta : auxo- 

 spore process, 64; algae, 50; Chryso- 

 phyceae, 61 ; desmids, 59 ; diatoms, 64 ; 

 Euglenineae, 69; Gonium pectorale, 

 57* ; Hyalobryon deformans, 52* ; 

 Hydrurus foetidus, 50* ; Peridiniales, 

 67 ; volvox group, 54 



Reproduction of bacteria : process, 18 



Reproduction of protozoa : cause the 

 typical symptoms of malaria, 104 ; con- 

 jugation, 85*; Euplotis patella, 83*; 

 flagellates, 74 ; Infusoria, 82 ; Para- 

 mecium caudatum, 83* ; Sarcodina, 78 ; 

 sporozoa, 105, 106, 107* ; Uroleptus 

 mobilis, 84* ; Vorticella campanula, 

 13* 



Reproduction of spirochaetes : Cristi- 

 spira, 26; Saprospira, 25; treponemas, 

 30 



Reptiles : first appearance, 5, 6 



Respiration : defined, 88 ; characteristic 

 of all plants and animals, 2; funda- 

 mental activity, 8 ; of protozoa, 90 



Rhizochrysidina (ri"z6-krTs"!-dIn'a), 48 



Rhizopods (ri'zo-pods) : description of, 

 76; defecation function, 100; few 

 parasites, 105 



Rhodophyceae (r6"do-fi'se-e), 49 



Rotifers (ro'ti-fers) : dependent on bac- 

 teria, 22 



Sac-brood disease of bees: cause of, 15 



Sanitation : bacteria used in, 22 



Saprophvtic (sap"ro-fit'ik) plants: food 

 of, 19 1 



Saprospira (sap"ro-spi'ra) : description 

 of, 24*, 25 



Saprozoic (sap"r6-zo'ik) animals: food 

 of, 19 



Saprozoic nutrition, 92, 93 



Sarcinae (sar'sT-ne) : defined, 19 



Sarcodina (sar"k6-di'na) : description 

 of, 76 ; meaning of term, 70 ; repro- 

 duction, 78 



Scenedesmus (se"ne-des'mus), 58* 



Schaudinn (shau'din), Fritz (1871- 

 1906), German protozoologist : cited 

 on infected ground-moles, 104 ; discov- 

 ers cause of syphilis, 26 



Schleiden (shli'den), Matthias Jakob 

 (1804-1881), German botanist: cell 

 theory of, 9 



Schwann (shvan), Theodor (1810- 

 1882), German anatomist: cell theory 

 of, 9 



Scorpions : first appearance of, 5 



Scytomonas (si"t6-mon'as) : flagellum 

 structure of, 44* 



Sewage disposal : bacteria used in, 22 



Sexual phases : see Reproduction 



Sharks : first appearance, 5, 6 



Sheep : dependent on plants, 45 



Sheep-pox : cause of, 15 



Shell-bearing forms : diatoms, 62 ; re- 

 production, 78; rhizopods, 76 



Shells : result of activity of protoplasm, 

 9 



Skeletons : result of activity of proto- 

 plasm, 9 



Sleeping sickness, African : cause of, 

 74* ; progress of, 105 ; transmission 

 of, 104 



Smallpox : cause of, 15 



Smith, Theobald (1859- ), American 

 pathologist, 27 



Sodium : in protoplasm, 33 



Somatella (so"ma-teTa) : defined, 75 



Spathidium spathula (spath"T-di'um 

 spath'6o-la), 97* 



Specialization : defined, 8 ; and derived 

 organization, 38 ; by division of labor, 

 46 ; in metazoa, 9, 10 ; of cells, 9 



Species : derived organization, 38 ; fun- 

 damental organization, 34; how kept 

 constant, 39; how new originate, 40 



Spectrum of chlorophyll, 45 



Sphaerella lacustris (sfe-reTa la-kus'- 

 trls), 54* 



Spiders : first appearance, 6 



Spiral bacteria, 17* 



Spirifer perlamellosus (spi'ri-fer per"la- 

 mel-6'siis), 4* 



Spirillum (spl-ril'iim) : defined, 17, 23; 

 common, 16* 



Spirillum undulans (spT-nl'itm im-doo'- 

 lans), 17* 



Spirochaeta pallida : see Treponema pal- 

 lidum 



