BORAX CARMINE 



46 



BRANDT'S 



transferred directly to acid ale. (70% 

 ale. 100 ce., hydrochloric acid 4 drops) 

 in which they assume a bright red trans- 

 parent appearance. Then wash in alco- 

 hol, mount as whole specimens or embed 

 in paraffin and cut sections. Borax 

 carmine can also be employed to stain 

 sections (Lee, p. 146). 



Borax Ferricyanide, see Weigert's. 



Bordeaux, see Amaranth. 



Bordeaux Red (CI, 88) — acid Bordeaux, 

 archelline 2B, azo-Bordeaux, cerasin R, 

 fast red B, BN or P — An acid raono-azo 

 dye very widely employed in histology. 



Bordeaux SF, see Amaranth. 



Boron, see Atomic Weights. 



Borrel Bodies (Bollinger bodies) in fowl pox. 

 References to earlier staining methods 

 and directions for applying the microin- 

 cineration technique with figures show- 

 ing the comparative results are given by 

 Banks, W. B. C, Am. J. Path., 1932, 8, 

 711-716. See microincineration of Mol- 

 luscum bodies (Van Rooyen, C. E., J. 

 Path. & Bact., 1939, 49, 345-349). 



Borrelia Vincenti, see Vincent's Angina. 



Borrel's Stain. Fix in osmic acid, 2 grn.; 

 platinum chloride, 2 gms. ; chromic acid, 

 3 gm. ; glacial acetic acid, 20 cc. and aq. 

 dest., 350 cc. for 24 hrs. Wash in run- 

 ning water several hours. Dehydrate, 

 clear, embed and section. Stain sections 

 in l%aq. magenta Ihr. Then in sat. aq. 

 indigo-carmine, 2 parts and sat. aq. 

 picric acid, 1 part. Wash in ale, dehy- 

 drate, clear and mount. The above has 

 been partly taken from Lee's Vade 

 Mecum, p. 433. Other more convenient 

 fixatives will do equally well . The stain 

 has Iseen used for the Borrel bodies in 

 fowl pox. 



Botanical Technique. IVIany of the methods 

 used in animal histology are applicable 

 also in plant histology and vice versa. 

 Details are given in a chapter by W. R. 

 Taylor in McClung, p. 155-245. See 

 Plants. 



Bouin's Fluid. Sat. aq. picric acid, 75 cc; 

 formalin, 25 cc; acetic acid, 5 cc For 

 mammalian tissues fix 24 hrs., wash in 

 water, dehydrate and embed in the usual 

 way. This is the most generally useful 

 of all fixatives containing picric acid. 

 Almost any stain can be used after it. 

 The picric acid need not be altogether 

 washed out because it serves as a desir- 

 able mordant. Giemsa's stain gives 

 good coloration of protozoan parasites 

 after fixation in Bouin's fluid (Cowdry, 

 E. V. and Danks, W. B. C, Parasitology, 

 1933, 25, 1-63) . The use of this fixative 

 is specified under Argentaffine Reaction, 

 Bodian's Method, Elementary Bodies, 

 Foot's Method, Gold, Johnson's Neu- 

 tral Red Method, Laidlaw's Method, 

 Liebermann-Burchardt Reaction, Mas- 

 son's Trichrome, Purkinje Cells, Tape- 



worm Proglottids, etc. It is a fixative 

 rapidly gaining in popularity and there 

 are naturally many modifications. The 

 application of Davenport's silver tech- 

 nique to Bouin fixed tissues is described 

 by Foley, J. O., Stain Techn., 1938, 13, 

 6-8. 



The cytological action of Bouin's fluid 

 has been investigated at the University 

 of Pennsylvania. Three formulae are 

 particularly recommended by McClung 

 and Allen (McClung, p. 561). (1) 

 Allen's fluid: sat. aq. picric acid, 75 cc; 

 formalin C.P., 15 cc; glacial acetic acid, 

 10 cc; urea, 1 gm. (2) The same plus 

 1 gm. chromic acid. (3) The original 

 formula plus 2 gms. urea and 1.5 gms. 

 chromic acid. For details regarding use 

 in study of cell division, shrinkage, etc. 

 see Allen, Ezra, Anat. Rec, 1916, 10, 

 565-589. 



Boutons Terminaux. For this special type 

 of nerve ending the methods given 

 under Nerve Endings are useful, partic- 

 ularly that of Bodian. The.se terminal 

 buttons or swellings can be visualized 

 and their behavior determined in living 

 tadpoles by techniques introduced by 

 Speidel, C. C, J. Comp. Neurol., 1942, 

 76, 57-73. Several special methods for 

 their demonstration in fixed tissues are 

 recommended by Gibson (IMcClung, 

 pp. 481-488). 



Bowie's Ethyl Violet-Biebrich Scarlet stain 

 for pepsinogen granules (Bowie, D. J., 

 Anat. Rec, 1935-36, 64, 357-367). Dis- 

 solve 1 gm. Biebrich scarlet in 250 cc. 

 aq. dest. and 2 gms. ethyl violet in 500 

 cc. Filter the former through a rapid 

 filter paper into a beaker and then the 

 latter into the same beaker. The end 

 point of neutralization is when a little 

 of the mixture placed on filter paper does 

 not show any scarlet color. Collect tlie 

 ppt. of neutral dye by filtering and dry 

 it. To make stock solution dissolve 0.2 

 gm. in 20 cc. 95% alcohol. To make 

 staining solution add 1-5 drops to 50 cc. 

 of 20% alcohol. Stain paraffin sections 

 of Regaud fixed gastric mucosa in this 

 for 24 hrs. Wipe dry around edges and 

 blot with smooth filter paper. Differ- 

 entiate by covering section with equal 

 parts clove oil and xylol. This takes 

 about 30 min. and should be observed 

 under microscope. Pass through several 

 changes of xjdol, rinse in benzol and 

 mount in benzol balsam. Pepsinogen of 

 pepsin-forming cells, violet ; and parietal 

 cells, red. Bowie also makes a crj^stal 

 violet-orange G stain which does not 

 differ materially from Bensley's Neutral 

 Gentian. 



Brandt's glycerin jelly. Melted gelatin, 1 

 part; glycerin H parts plus few drops 

 carbolic acid to serve as a preservative. 



